USB Flash.

KIA

IK> How are things going with connecting Flash to Speccy? It seems to me that
IK> a simplified USB will be enough for this. Also, I think

[...skipped...]

IK> to use. Flash has the potential that will allow
IK> to replace
IK> floppy drives, hard drives, possibly CD-ROMs, after that,
IK> will not be needed to such a degree that a separate
IK> controller will be soldered for it,

"Cool" - now, in order to write anything from a CD to a disk, I will have to do it
on a PC...

IK> CMOS, BIOS, theoretically: ROM, "cache ROM",
IK> expansion of RAM as through a swap file, thanks to
IK> extremely
IK> easy access to external memory, will reduce the need for
IK> increasing RAM by all means. Who, what does
IK> think about this?

If you are rich enough to buy FLASH of such a size that you don’t need
a hard drive, then go for it. Personally, I don’t have that kind of money.

P.S. In general, it seems to me that the only way to buy a ZX-Spectrum now, without unnecessary bells and whistles
(Sprinter), is one that its owner doesn’t want to tinker with, and
therefore it won’t work without a soldering iron. For example, I would not even buy a board, but a
divorced circuit, if they had explained to me that this was not a “homemade” buggy due
to the fact that when it was made, some microcircuits were difficult to get and the circuit
is not fully compatible, but 80% of it works, and the fact that this is a competent
implementation, where the signals are correctly synchronized, int’s is not long floats,
power supply capacitors cannot be solderedit is necessary, the buses are buffered, the ports
implemented and the like. But it seems to me that this whole huge community is only engaged in “cutting paths” in yellow scorpions. Is there a circuit on ZXNet (I don’t have access to it) that 99% of Spectrumists would solder without thinking, for themselves?

KIA

30 Oct 03 19:03, Ivan Kuvshinov -> All:

IK> How are things going with connecting Flash to Speccy? It seems to me that for
IK> this will be enough for a simplified USB.

I'm not a lizard. But as a user I can say that if it suits my needs
I’ll definitely install it. IMHO if it is more expensive than 500-700 rubles, there is no point in doing it at all.

IK> In addition, I think that ZX-Spectrum is primarily a platform
IK> for programmers, which means it should be simple and concise.
IK> The trend in recent years has led to a strong complication (despite
IK> improvements) Speccy,

What complication?

IK> for example, many people already require an extensive FAQ for such elementary
IK> things as screen modes,

??? The one about extended screens? So it took me 1.5 years to learn to use the extended Pro screen MYSELF. To do this, I had to study
assm, work/programming under SPM, study programs, spend a lot of
time experimenting. But if I had a normal description of this
extended screen, I would spend this time more productively.

IK> working with hard drives, modems, work

??? Is working with a modem an elemental thing? From the point of view of using programs
I agree, but from the point of view of writing software, no. I'll be happy to read about it myself. And I’m talking about working with a hard drive on Pro in generalI don’t know almost anything.
I’ve been looking for information for 2 years now, but I can’t find it anywhere. Can you tell me where there is an extensive FAC?

IK> with memory (everywhere we mean poorly compatible circuits), CMOS,
IK> Audio, and the like. Even the keyboard has ceased to be standard (in the
IK> programming sense), thanks to the efforts of many. Doesn't this remind
IK> of the history of the creation of the IBM PC, when a functional
IK> machine was assembled from "garbage"?
IK> And this is where it all comes from, before, just connecting floppy drives
IK> gave rise to many problems. Now a situation may arise when, like
IK> on the IBM PC, without volumes of literature (which you also need to know about), there is nothing
IK> to even think about,

Which volumes? Can you provide a specific example, with the author and titles?

IK> write something for Speccy, and this is precisely the most
IK> important advantage of this platform. In fact, all that was required
IK> before to write programs was a description of the processor commands and
IK> video memory address, that's all.

+ Instructions for Gens-Mons, copiers, to have experience working with a tape/disk,
to be able to work in a graphic editor, music editor, etc.

IK> At the same time, it should be understood that people have just become interested
IK> Speccy as a platform for realizing their capabilities, they perceive
IK> everything as a whole and only much later will they be able to distinguish between particulars andunderstand
IK> what they need to know and what they don’t. It’s like with program settings, until
IK> you look at everything - you won’t understand, and if it’s very sophisticated - then
IK> despite the fact that what you need to implement is simple, they simply won’t understand this
IK> program - this requires very
IK> strong motivation. But in programming, either you have the mood
IK> to write something, or you don’t, and there cannot be
IK> “preliminary motivation” - this is a different story. Of course, you can’t live without Speccy
IK> improvements, but if you have the slightest opportunity to make your computer more
IK> functional, while simplifying it at the same time, you need to use them.
IK> Flash has the potential that will allow you to replace floppy drives, hard
IK> drives, possibly CD-ROMs, after that, you will not need to
IK> a separate controller for it to solder, CMOS, BIOS,
IK> theoretically: ROM, "cache ROM", RAM expansion as through the
IK> swap file, thanks to extremely simple access to external memory,
IK> will reduce the need to increase RAM by all means.
IK> Who, what do you think about this?

I almost completely agree, except for specific issues, I think it’s not worth discussing them.
The only thing left to do is for someone to create a Flash connection diagram. :)

Sincerely,Alexey.

PS When answering in netmail, a huge request, cut the letters by 11Kb. Other
ending will be lost. :((

NA>> you didn’t need a hard drive, then go for it. Personally, I don’t have that kind of money.
IK> I would buy it, and someone who “doesn’t have it” could earn money,
IK> let’s say, by creating such a scheme - mutual benefit.

It’s impossible to earn anything here, especially at such a price scale.

IK> Besides, for starters, you can have 64 MB - it won’t be wasted, or just
IK> a scarf with mikrukh.

USB - interface complex, you need special controllers to connect to it.

IK> Essentially, without affecting the cost (such technologies have
IK> the property of quickly becoming cheaper - example: IBM PC RAM,

So the cheapest class of memory there is - dyminak.
Static is several times more expensive, and flash - even more so.

You can do something on a simple 29/49 series flash drive that is only compatible with itself...
One 512kb m/s on average is about 4$... 100 pcs can probably be found for 2.5$ ;)

The circuit composition is some kind of microcontroller, a 17-bit register (SHA), an 8-bit register (SD), several 512K*8 flash drives...

Sincerely, Evgeniy.

... http://2065.nm.ru

NA>> so that you don’t need a hard drive, then go for it. Personally, I don’t have that kind of
NA>> money.
IK> I would buy it, and someone who “doesn’t have it” could earn money, say,
IK> by creating such a scheme - mutual benefit. Besides, for starters, you can also 64
You wanted to say self-destruction :)
What was the three-year stage thinking about all sorts of bells and whistles, you can pick it up from the archive and
come into complete despondency...

IK> MB - they won’t go to waste, or just a scarf with mikrukhs. Essentially, not
:)
First span

IK> affecting the cost (such technologies tend to quickly
Oh.. span

IK> become cheaper - example: IBM PC RAM, and who needs to buy all sorts of
IK> General
IK> Sound at exorbitant prices without thinking about it, so the price is secondary), there is
Third span

IK> any thoughts?
Everyone has given up on everything
And this is the main flight

IK> P.S. In general, it seems to me that now you can buy a ZX-Spectrum, without unnecessary
IK> bells and whistles (Sprinter), you can only buy one that you don’t want to tinker with
After these words I want to send Speck to... :(

All that stuff.. a cool thing that can pull out the remains from the treadmill, but now
they are crying.

Imho no one can make a thing in terms of quality and capabilities, and what there
there is also a price that can compete with the Sprinter.
Now this is becoming more and more obvious, and in the future it will be even more clear.

IK> to its owner, and therefore not working without a soldering iron. For example, I would buy
Everything that is not handed over to non-ferrous metal and breaks down is sent to the closet at best.

IK> not even a board, but a wired circuit, if they explained to me that this is not
:)
This pure board will cost because (or rather three times more) it is absolutely
working, but under a centimeter layer of dust from the mezzanine, some kind of thread
sign is baked into your city.
Can you put all the bells and whistles on it yourself?
And the resulting spider will be horrified? :)

IK> "homemade" is buggy due to the fact that when it was made, some
:)

IK> microcircuits were difficult to get and the circuit is not fully compatible, but
And now this is also a problem.
Or are you going to get everything from decommissioned boards?

IK> 80% goes on it, but the fact is that this is a competent implementation, where the signals are
IK> are correctly synchronized, int's length does not float, capacitors
IK> are provided by definition.

IK> there is no need to solder the power, the buses are buffered, the ports are implemented and
IK> the like. But it seems to me that this entire huge community is engaged
IK> only in “cutting paths” in yellow scorpions. Available on ZXNet (to her
Why not rub your eyes and buy a Sprinter? :)
For the _overwhelming_ majority of those dreaming of a Speccy, this would be the most profitable
and logical solution.

IK>I don’t have access) a circuit that 99%
IK> spektrumists would solder without thinking, for themselves?
There is a Spinter circuit.
The board on the knee can probably be made after spending two weeks on a terrible binge.
Well, if you do it yourself, Ivan Mak will solemnly give you all the firmware :)
Although they seem to be on the internet :)

And I think I’m right :).

EP> It’s impossible to earn anything here, especially at such a price scale.
If, say, I buy myself, Flash, then I’ll overpay for the fact that the factory
will “pickle” me (individually expensive) - seeds, and at the same time order a dozen more
at cost for those in need, correspondingly cheaper. That is, the availability of
a divorced fee will not depend on its payback (I will still “poison” myself anyway), that is, the number of people willing. And if there is a ready-made board, then at any convenient opportunity, take it and solder it - it’s ready. And so, just think - if
if only... and you won’t be fussing around for unknown reasons. In addition, the platform is for the soul, which means it is evaluated subjectively, and not by performance, which means that at least a few people will want their “favorite toy” and the cost is not critical for them - help them get what they want and allow them, if not to earn money, then at least with their help to develop the platform in the right direction. And if
the thing is implemented and useful, then it’s a matter of time to install it, and it doesn’t matter
that only a few will use it at first, this is during developmentthe question of its rationality always arises. Here, let’s say, the prototype is “paid for” (let’s assume)
therefore, the development is rational, and the one who creates the prototype will naturally
earn extra money, and since the scheme is “implemented”, then the question of having the same one is
a matter of time. As a result, everyone will have the opportunity, thanks to the fact that
the device has already been implemented.

EP> USB is a complex interface, you need special controllers to connect
EP> to it.
Here the main difficulty is technical.

EP> So there is the cheapest class of memory - diminaca.
EP> Static is several times more expensive, and flash - even more so.
Yes, but since Stick Flash is a PC thing, there is a demand for it large,
the payback is good, the obsolescence of old models is “instant”, and prices compared
with 64 MB grow geometrically - the table can be inflated as the prices for advanced
processor models (compare), and due to obsolescence, ordinary used ones. models 64-128
MB, it will be possible to buy for the price of scrap.

EP> You can make something on a simple flash drive of the 29/49 series that is compatible only with
EP> itself... One 512kb m/s on average about 4$... 100 pieces can probably be found for
EP> 2.5$ ;)
So, that is, make a circuit that will just be improved on
the next stage for USB Flash, and at the initial stage it implements the very idea, and will allow
to replace drives, along the wayadding a “universal” (standard) CMOS, a replacement
for a virtual disk, a “reflashable” ROM, ease of access to external memory,
will remove the problems of file systems.. 4 MB, for a start, can already be effectively
used, and most importantly - create software.

EP> The composition of the circuit is some kind of microcontroller, a 17-bit register (SHA),
EP> an 8-bit register (SD), several flash drives 512K*8...

KIA

AT> ??? The one about extended screens? So it took me 1.5 years to
...
AT> But if I had a normal description of this extended screen,
AT> I would have spent this time more productively.
The FAQs themselves are good, it’s bad when without them the study becomes orders of magnitude more complicated -
this speaks to the complexity of the architecture. And in the FAQ - you can’t cover everything, you can’t take everything into account, and there are also often ambiguities - IS DOS: there is a FAQ - but the result
is so-so.

AT> ??? Is working with a modem an elemental thing? From the point of view of using
AT> programs, I agree, but from the point of view of writing software, no. I'm happy to read about this.
I agree - I'm a little over-extended.

AT> And I
AT> don't know almost anything about working with a hard drive on the Pro. I've been looking for information for 2 years now, but I can't find it anywhere. Can you tell me where there is an extensive FAC?
I don’t understand this, but according to the echo of ZX.Spectrum, a lot of information flew by on hard
disks, I’ve been reading it for several years, I can look for it on my own - maybe I’ve weeded out something. In general, I don’t understand what you mean about work - the hard drive is already
connected, do you need information via FAT? 3D13? I can search on InterNet if there are any problems. Now a situation may arise when, as on the IBM PC,
IK>> without volumes of literature (which you also need to know about), there will be nothing to think about
IK>> What volumes?Can you provide a specific example, with the author and titles?
On the IBM PC - programming is programming for the system (without BIOS and
DOS/WDOS you can’t take a step), any book on DOS is quite chubby, and there are a lot of inaccuracies
("features" in the operation of functions) bypassing the BIOS curve of a video card, RGB-BGR, refresh rate, reverse interrupts and the like, even in text mode there are a lot of nuances (Lion17 emulator), and in Speccy: here's the address, here's the interrupt - that's all. Memory extenders for 386 mode: Dos4GW,
PMODEW, CWSDPMI, etc., even using processor commands (MMX, MMX+, 3DNOW, 3DNOW!,
3DNOWII, sse, sseII, mathematical coprocessor - maybe I got something wrong: there is such a mess with extensions) you can defend your doctorate, not to mention optimization
instructions. Even the usual format of the executable file is multi-page articles on
several issues of the "Programmer" magazine.
On Speccy the same thing is repeated. On the one hand, the number of video cards (and the like) on the IBM PC is good, on the other hand, it destroys the integrity of the platform. You can put up with this when you need to work at the very least - paperwork,
toys for money, but when for the soul or to program not for a giga$, then
the monster is dead.
In addition, InterNet showed that whatThe more documentation, the less useful it is (to find something you need to look for documentation again in order to find it) and the more errors and inconsistencies there are in it. In the worst case, no one will want to dig into the garbage (and
the majority, even those corresponding to the desired topic - this is exactly what it will be and has always been
(pop)).

IK>> In fact, all that was required before to write programs was
IK>> a description of the processor commands and the video memory address, that’s all.
AT> + Instructions for Gens-Mons, copiers, to have experience working with
AT> cassette/disk, be able to work in a graphic editor, music editor
AT>, etc.
Yes, but you could start with a piece of paper, and then in DATA ...; Randomize Usr
... - I speak from my own experience, I can even scan pieces of paper (I made a
“two-bit” array for the “Game of Life”).

AT> I almost completely agree, except for specific issues, I think
AT> it’s not worth discussing them. The only thing that needs to be done is for someone to create a Flash connection diagram.
I’m not good at diagrams, but there are a lot of people who understand them: it’s just a matter of getting interested and supporting.
In the meantime, we can take a more specific look at the functioning at the logical
level, the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches.

KIA

IK>> there is
AA> The third span
Perhaps it’s not a very good example, but they bought it.

IK>> any thoughts?
AA> Everyone has given up on everything
AA> And this is the main span
No, it’s just a “crisis of the genre” - they improve it, but from this
it only gets worse, so they are looking for a way out.

IK>> unnecessary bells and whistles (Sprinter), you can only have one with which
AA> After these words I want to send Speck to... :(
I didn’t want to offend anyone, and I meant - I don’t need them. And, really,
Spectrum can’t compete in usefulness for niches occupied by PC, Mac, NoteBook,
PocketPC, PlayStation, ... but it really is
the only Home Computer, and with the bells and whistles it brings it closer to PC, it loses its advantage
as emancipated women in the fight against men. Sprinter, of course, has
advantages and original solutions, but, in my opinion, it has stepped too far from
Speccy, and before PC it is a completely different story.

AA> IMHO no one can make a thing in terms of quality and capabilities, and what can I say
AA> also in price, capable of competing with
AA> Sprinter Nowadays it is more and more. more obvious, and then it will be even more clear
AA>.
It’s possible, but at least they can make a circuit without a specific implementation. A
there will be craftsmen to solder it.

AA> Everything that was not handed over to non-ferrous metal and is broken -at best
AA> is sent to the closet.
AA> This pure board will cost as much as (or rather three times more)
AA> absolutely working, but under a centimeter layer of dust from the mezzanine spec
AA> of some kind of pisishnik in your city. Can you put all the bells and whistles on it yourself
AA>? And will the resulting spider be horrified? :)
That's the point, I would just give it for a fee, for a speck, if everything is already sorted out according to the mind, maybe I would order “etching” for several pieces at once -
the difference in price is small (although I didn’t specify). That is, the problem is not the price, but the
lack of capabilities, and that is why “on the shelf”, when due to numerous
“modifications” everything needs to be redone again and there is no such opportunity, although
just an empty board is enough.

AA> And now this is also a problem.
AA> Or are you going to get everything from the written-off boards?
Now, for example, in Chip&Dip - I went and bought everything at once, but for those who I still don’t have my own income or feed my family, so when I have PC motherboards, they throw them away almost
every week - “take it, I don’t want it.” It doesn't take much
brain to pull the mikruh out of them, and simple logic isn't expensive.

AA> Fucks are guaranteed by definition.
If people take it in an organized manner, then it will be on the level - poke here, if
then, then replace 4 Ohms with 2 - even they can handle itchild. The setup will be scheduled, and
and a well-organized scheme does not need adjustment - it’s a number.

AA> Why not rub your eyes and buy a Sprinter? :)
AA> For the _overwhelming_ majority of those dreaming of Speccy, this would be the most
AA> profitable and logical solution.
Perhaps, but personally it doesn’t quite suit me. The architecture is a little complicated for me,
to work - here is a PC, old toys on the emulator work well, and I haven't played
anything for about three years now (there are 20 “new” compacts
bought at different times
laying around, and I just watched how others played them, but I myself have never sat down).
I want a computer with a beautiful internal architecture that can be used
for its intended purpose - for programming and research of computer
possibilities. And, so, I feel like writing something - I sat down with Pascal and typed up the program - and you see it went away. But for the soul - to count cycles, for some
chunked video (on a PC, what's the interest when the performance reserve allows
to write everything "head-on", and DivX is present, that is, things
that a "mere mortal" can do are not in demand?), fit into a frame, discuss with
someone something really new, and for this you need people to be drawn to Speccy new
- therefore, it's not easy to select/make a scheme for yourself, and
try to solve at least someproblems platform, find
edinomyshlennikov.

KIA

On Fri, 31 Oct 03 22:56:30 +0300, Aleksey Tarasow wrote:

AT> ??? Is working with a modem an elemental thing? From the point of view of using
AT> programs
AT> I agree, but from the point of view of writing software, no. I’ll be happy
AT> to read
AT> about this. And I know almost nothing about working with a hard drive on Pro
AT>.
AT> I’ve been looking for information for 2 years now, but I can’t find it anywhere. Can you tell me where there is an extensive FAC?

ZX-Spectrum IDE LIST

Contents

* Information about the ZX-IDE list
* General notes
* List of known controllers

* 1. ZXNEXT computer
* 2. NEMO-IDE controller
* 3. SMUC controller
* 4. Sprinter computer
* 5. Computer PROFI
* 6. Controller by Sergei Karachentsev
* 7. Computer TURBO-2+
* 8. Controller by Vasily Klimov

* Software interface

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Information about the ZX-IDE list

The ZX-IDE List mainly presents only device controllers with ATA-2
(IDE) interface common among computer users
ZX-Spectrum equipped with a Beta-Disk controller (with BASIC extension
TR-DOS). The list provides a description of the controller sufficient for
programming, alsolinks to other available information are provided.
A set of drivers for all listed
controllers suitable for embedding in other programs will be attached to the ZX-IDE list.

Information sought:
1. Connection options not from the ex-USSR...

Time of last change: 08/20/2003

Compiler's addresses:
* amon...@cyberspace.org
* 2:5030/82...@fidonet.org
* 500:812/1.507@zxnet

If you have your own drive connection diagram with an interface
ATA-2 (IDE) to the ZX-Spectrum computer, then it is better to publish it, for example, in the fidonet echo conference ZX.SPECTRUM (fido7.zx.spectrum for internet users).

----------------------------------------------------------------------

GENERAL NOTES

On computers with turbo mode, it is recommended to turn it off, if
the drive does not support the required data transfer rate and if the
controller (and/or computer) also cannot guarantee the required
minimum I/O cycle time.

If no drive is connected to the controller, then the 0xff byte must be read from all registers
of the drive, provided that the drive itself the controller
is present and does not conflict with other connected devices. In
alternativeor in the main status register, a situation may rarely arise
in which the value 0xff would be read from it during normal operation of the drive
. This fact can be used to determine
the presence of a drive.

Terminology: a block of control registers refers to drive registers
available when the signals CS0=1 and CS1=0 on the IDE interface (there are
only 2 registers with one address). A block of command registers is called
drive registers available when the signals are CS0=0 and CS1=1 on the IDE
interface.

The addresses of some ports are indicated in binary form. The 'x' character means that
these bits are not used in decrypting the port address. The method of access to ports and individual bits may be
indicated in brackets: ro=read only, rw=read
and write, wo=write only.

A shadow register is a hardware register of the controller used to
coordinate the 8-bit ZX-Spectrum bus with the 16-bit bus of the IDE interface.
Usually in The shadow register stores the high half of a 16-bit word
of data. In some circuits, the shadow register for reading and writing in hardware
is implemented in one register, in some, separate registers are used.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

List of known controllers

Currently there is information onthe following options for connecting
drives with IDE/ATA interface:

Controller: Status:
1. ZXNEXT testing required
2. NEMO working
3. SMUC working
4. SPRINTER testing required
5. PROFI testing required
6. Sergey Karachentsev testing required
7. TURBO-2+(ATM) testing required
8. JTN testing required
9. Pera Putnik information is being entered

----------------------------------------------------------------------

PROFI

Ports are accessed from CP/M mode (DFFD port, bit5=1). Mask
(OR) for insignificant bits of the address - none.

port status destination
xxxxxxxx 1xx01011 (rw) access to controller registers

a5=1

Reading the shadow read register (bits D8-D15 of the drive data bus).

Writing to the drive control register (a write strobe is generated),
bits D0-D7 s Spectrum buses are translated to the low byte of the data bus
of the drive, and the contents of the shadow register are written to the high bytebyte. In this case
the contents of the shadow write register will be copied to the shadow
read register.

a5=0

Reading the drive control registers (a reading strobe is generated),
bits D0-D7 are issued to the Spectrum bus. Bits D8-D15 will be stored
in the shadow read register.

When writing, the shadow write register will be written (bits D8-D15 of the drive bus
).

a6=0 writing a block of control registers (CS0=1, CS1=0)
a6=1 reading/writing a block of command registers (CS0=0, CS1=1)

Note: reading from control registers (alternative) controller
is not supported (the bus is in a free state).

a8, a9, a10 - address of the drive register (a0, a1, a2, respectively).

The controller has separate shadow registers for reading and writing: shadow
read register and shadow write register. Whenever the registers
of the drive are accessed, both for reading and writing, the contents
of the high byte of the interface address bus (bits D8-D15) are written to the shadow register
read.

; $Id: profi.as,v 1.2 2003/09/13 11:06:58 Kirill_Frolov Exp sysop $
; vim: set foldmethod=markersyntax=z8a:
; PROFI v5.x ATA-2 (IDE) device driver
; $Log: profi.as,v $
; Revision 1.2 2003/09/13 11:06:58 Kirill_Frolov
; _ide_write_command added
;
; Revision 1.1 2003/09/12 18:53:11 Kirill_Frolov
; Initial revision
;
#define VERSION "0.3 alpha"

global _profi_info
global _profi_init
global _profi_probe
global _profi_done
global _profi_channel
global _profi_read_reg
global _profi_write_reg
global _profi_read_block
global _profi_write_block
global _profi_int_mode
global _profi_int_flag
global _profi_write_command

; {{{ module stuff
#ifdef _ZXDL_

; {{{ ZX-ASM specific
#if defined(ZASM) || defined (ALASM)
;IDE_MODULE
;Define this label to compile driver as
;dynamic loadable module (*.dll).
;If this label isn't defined, then driver
;will be ready for inclusion in any program
;at the compilation stage.

;Set label _pass_ to 0 & compile,
;then set _pass_ to 1 & compile again,
;then run compiled programm to save module.
IFDEF IDE_MODULE
_pass_ equ 0

org 0x6000
jp relocator
_name_ db "profi dll"
include "reloc.asm"

#else ; zas assembler }}}
psect header
#endif

MODULE_VERSION equ 0x0003
MODULE_FLAGS equ 0
*Include module.inc

module_export:
dw module_import-module_export-2-2
dw _profi_info
dw _profi_init
dw _profi_probe
dw _profi_done
dw _profi_channel
dw _profi_read_reg
dw _profi_write_reg
dw _profi_read_block
dw _profi_write_block
dw _profi_int_mode
dw _profi_int_flag
dw _profi_write_command

module_import:
; dw import_table
; dw version
; db "name", 0
dw 0

module_name:
db "/trdos/ide/profi", 0

module_text:
db "PROFI IDE driver v", VERSION, 0

#if !defined(ZASM) && !defined (ALASM)
psect text
#endif

module_start:
ret

#if defined(ZASM) || defined (ALASM)
ENDIF
#endif

#endif ;_ZXDL_

;= }}} ================================

*Include drv.inc

; FIXME altregs is writeonly!

profi_info_struct:
dw IDE_ALT_REGS+IDE_MEMCONF+IDE_INTEXCL
dw 1
dw profi_name

profi_name:
db "PROFI IDE driver v", VERSION, 0

_profi_info:
ld hl, profi_info_struct
ret

_profi_init:
ld hl,0 ; ok
ret

_profi_probe:
ld hl,-1 ; not implemented
ret

_profi_done:
ret

_profi_channel: ; PROFI-IDE have only one channel
ret

profi_cpm:
xor a
di
ld bc, 0x7ffd
out (c), a
ld a, 0x20
ld b, 0xdf
out (c), a
ret

profi_trd:
xor a
ld bc, 0xdffd
out (c), a
ld a, 0x10
ld b, 0x7f
out (c), a
ret

; e=regno -> l=result
_profi_read_reg:
call profi_cpm
ld a, e
or 0xf8
bit 3, e
ld c, 0xcb
jr z, profi_rdr0
ld c, 0x8b
profi_rdr0:
ld b, a
in l, (c)
ld h, 0
jr profi_trd

; e=regno, c=value
_profi_write_reg:
ld l, c
call profi_cpm
ld a, e
or 0xf8
bit 3, e
ld c, 0xeb
jr z, profi_rdw0
ld c, 0xab
profi_rdw0:
ld b, a
out (c), l
jr profi_trd

; de=*regsval
_profi_write_command:
call profi_cpm
ex de, hl
ld bc, 0xf9eb ; reg.1
ld a, 7
profi_wcmd0:
outi
inc b
inc b
dec a
jr nz, profi_wcmd0
jr profi_trd

; de=*address, bc=size IN WORDS
_profi_read_block: ; not optimized
ex de, hl
ld e, c
ld d, b
call profi_cpm
call profi_rdb0
jp profi_trd
profi_rdb0: ;hl=addr, de=size
ld a, d
or e
ret z
ld bc, 0xf8cb
ini
ld bc, 0xf8eb
ini
dec de
jp profi_rdb0

_profi_write_block:
ex de, hl
ld e, c
ld d, b
call profi_cpm
call profi_wrb0
jp profi_trd
profi_wrb0:
ld a, d
or e
ret z
ld bc, 0xf9cb ; outi "bug" учтён
inc hl
outd
ld bc, 0xf9eb
outi
inc hl
dec de
jp profi_wrb0

_profi_int_mode:
ld hl,-1
ret

_profi_int_flag:
ld hl,-1 ; not supported
ret

;=======================================

psect data

#ifdef _ZXDL_

; {{{ ZX-ASM specific
#if defined(ZASM) || defined (ALASM)
IFDEF IDE_MODULE
module_end
_end_ equ module_end
_start_ equ module_load
ENDIF

#else ; }}} zasm
psect bss
module_end equ $
end module_start
#endif

#endif

AT> I almost completely agree, except for specific issues, I think
AT> it’s not worth discussing them. All that's left to do is to have someone create a Flash connection diagram. :)

And then there are two options:

1. USB drives. It is quite difficult to connect USB to the Spectrum.

2. Memory cards from cameras. The bourgeoisie have done this a long time ago,
there are diagrams on the Internet. There are several wires, a tire maker and that's all.

IK> On the IBM PC - programming is programming for the system (without BIOS and
IK> DOS/WDOS you can’t take a step), any book on DOS is quite thick, and
IK> inaccuracies

Which system, which DOS??? There's Linux, a bunch of scripting languages. There is no need to know how
it works inside!

IK> Even the usual format of the executable file - multi-page articles on
IK> several issues of the "Programmer" magazine.

Well, why go into this jungle? There are clear and accessible interfaces for
this. And inside there could be anything, it doesn’t really bother anyone.

On Fri, 31 Oct 03 17:53:14 +0300, Ivan Kuvshinov wrote:

IK> P.S. In general, it seems to me that now you can buy a ZX-Spectrum, without unnecessary
IK> bells and whistles
IK> (Sprinter), only the one that its owner doesn’t want to tinker with, and
IK> therefore it won’t work without a soldering iron. For example, I would not even buy a board, but
IK> a wired circuit, if they had explained to me that this is not a buggy homemade product
IK> because

You can’t assemble the Sprinter yourself. At least without a board, at least with a board.

IK> implemented and the like. But it seems to me that this entire huge community
IK> is only engaged in “cutting paths” in yellow scorpions. Is there a circuit on ZXNet (I don’t have access to
IK>) that 99%
IK> spektrumists would solder without thinking, for themselves?

Buy yourself a sprinter, the price is symbolic. And don't worry.

AA>> First flight
IK> What, 64 MB (90 floppy disks) for Speccy - bullshit?

Bullshit. Those megabytes have a very limited resource. "Winchester"
more practical and cheaper.

IK> If, say, I buy myself a Flash, then I will overpay for the fact that at the
IK> factory
IK> the board will be “etched” (individually expensive) - seeds, and at the same time I will order a dozen more
IK> For a fee - $50 preparation, and $10/dm^2. The prices are very approximate, of course,
I don’t understand much about this. But you won’t order one for yourself, and you won’t even sell 50 pieces to anyone. LUT is the only available
technology (if you don’t know what it is, then it’s not your place to judge the hardware).

The commercial Spectrum will end the moment Nemo abandons
the production of the last batch of Kaev. There are about 2 months left.

IK> That is, to make a circuit that will simply be improved at the
IK> next stage for USB Flash, and at the initial stage it will implement the idea itself, and
IK> will allow

Not to be done. They will die like flies with active use.
Flash - in Russian this is "EEPROM" - PERMANENT MEMORY. Not intended
as a random access storage device.

AT>> 500-700 rubles, there is no point in doing it at all.
IK> I think with Flash itself it will turn out like with hard drives - users
IK> PC will give Stick Flash volumes of 64-128 for a symbolic price
IK> MB, when 1GB will be in use (psychological threshold 640 MG - movie
Lie or so.
For the time being, there are no people willing to give away old cards from the first issues.
And if there are, they will only be broken ones.

IK> you can rewrite them), and this will happen soon. But I don’t know about the port itself.
IK> PC
IK> expansion cards probably cost 150-250 rubles. will fit, maybe cheaper,
There are a bunch of all sorts of cool single-crystal chips/dsp, in particular there are mp3 decoders +
usb 1.0 + the microcontroller itself. Prices are around $20-30 in a batch of 1000 pieces.
If you put one of these on a Sprinter (as on a still developing thing), you'll get a
funny monster :)

IK> but you probably can't just attach them to a Speccy, and the big
IK> are too
IK> - not aesthetically pleasing. I don’t understand anything about this kind of hardware, so
That’s exactly

IK> and asked - is USB difficult to implement, and can it be simplified under
IK> Stick Flash?
It’s definitely not possible to do it on LA3 :)

AA>> the most profitable and logical solution.
IK> Possible, but personally it doesn’t quite suit me. The architecture for me
IK> is a little complicated, it’s worth working on a PC, old toys on the emulator are good
So, on the contrary, there is an interest in taming the machine! :)
And if you don’t need it, don’t use it.

IK> they go, and I haven’t played anything for about three years now (there are 20
IK> “new” compacts lying around, bought at different times, and I’m just like others in them
Similarly.
I’ve already gotten all these computers, I don’t want to see them :)

IK> I watched them play, but I never sat down). I want a computer with a beautiful internal architecture that can be used for its intended purpose - for programming and researching computer capabilities. And, so, I feel like writing something - I sat down with Pascal and typed up the program - and lo and behold, it went away. But for the soul - to count the bars
IK>, for some chunked video (on a PC, what's the point,
IK> when the productivity reserve allows you to write everything "head-on", and DivX
IK> is present, that is, there is no demand for things that can be done
IK> by a "mere mortal"?), fit into a frame, discuss with someone
IK> something really new, and for this you need people to go to Speccy new
IK> stretched -therefore, it’s not just a matter of choosing/making a scheme for yourself, but
IK> try to solve at least some problems of the platform, find
IK> like-minded people.
So there is no end to the Sprinter for experimenting and writing
_any_ software.

PS: If anyone has the opinion that I am an agent of the Peters, then this is not so. :)

Bye, Ivan!
Arc/exRLDG

02 Nov 03 17:21, Kirill Frolov -> Ivan Kuvshinov:
[skipped]

IK>> I think with Flash itself it will work out like with hard drives -
IK>> PC users will give Stick Flash for a symbolic price
IK>> with volumes of 64-128 MB,

KF> So far the price not at all symbolic

800 ... 1000 rubles for 128MB - IMHO a symbolic price for a floppy disk of this size.

IK>> will be improved at the next stage for USB Flash, and at
IK>> the initial one will implement the idea itself, and will allow

KF> Not to be done. They will die like flies with active use.
KF> Flash - in Russian this is "EEPROM" - PERMANENT MEMORY. The
KF> is not intended as an operational storage device.

Uh-uh, but it’s okay that I have a flash drive in my AOH as RAM, and
according to the average statistical data of AOH repairmen, it lasts for more than 3
years.
It’s okay that I use a 128 MB flash drive as a floppy disk for dragging a file from work
home, and no problems?
Otherwise I listen to you, and it turns out that everything is always done incorrectly and
it simply shouldn’t work... But for some reason it works.

Aleksandr

IK> The scheme itself may be acceptable. If it provides tangible
IK> convenience, then even with 4MB, mikrukh on a homemade socket will work and not
IK> regret it.

Why USB at all? There are a lot of flash chips with serial access in
decent capacities and you can attach to them using a couple of microcircuits.
And the circuit is simple and flash is cheaper than in multi-legged packages.

[skip further]

--
Sincerely, Andrey Mikheev.

...
IK>> quite plump, but inaccurate
KF> Which system, which DOS??? Look at Linux, a bunch of scripting languages.
Linux itself is a rather complex system, although, I think, it’s made wisely, and the OS is designed for
to make the work of programmers easier. But it’s easier to write complex
(functional) programs, but a “quick start” still won’t work,
Speccy is an ideal option. In addition, we are talking about direct
interaction with a computer, otherwise it is a matter of choosing a high-level language.

KF> Well, why go into this jungle? There are clear and accessible interfaces
“Hardware” interfaces.

KIA

IK>> of course there are advantages and original solutions, but, in my opinion, he
IK>> has stepped too far from Speccy, and not a PC is a completely different story
IK>> If you don’t use its features, then this is the most ordinary Spectrum.
AA> But how many interesting and undocumented things can be learned in
AA> other modes! :)
Yes, for those looking for a replacement for their old ZX, this is an option, I agree. But for
people with a “PC-clouded” view: everything that “gets up” gets worse, and
understanding it is the same as “SEX with Windows”, therefore it is not attractive
and new “features” (so, it seems?) only scare away. We need beautiful and laconic solutions, or BrandName - at least for the scheme (however, Sprinter, due to the lack of competitors, is moving towards this). But for me the names mean little.

AA> IMHO interest in the Spectrum has faded also due to the fact that
AA> its ceiling has almost been reached, nothing super new and brilliant
AA> can be written anymore. Lekha Malov/Vivid will most likely agree. :)
AA> he had the same thoughts.
I don’t agree. So much has been written for the IBM PC, they write everything new - and
indeed, really. And on Speccy, almost all programs are in demand,
it’s just that when creating more or less large programs, the complexity grows
exponentially, regardlessfrom experience, due to the fact that here it is required to use “hard modifications”, and they are different for everyone. The result
is corresponding - either a “craft” for themselves, or not written, or, after
an attempt at “standardization” - they get stressed and leave the platform (those who have
more energy), or are simply disappointed. The rest “won’t make a difference.”

AA>>> and what can I say and the price too, capable of competing with
AA>>> Sprinter. Now this is more and more obvious, and even more visible in the future

KIA

KF> The commercial Spectrum will end the moment Nemo refuses
KF> from producing the last batch of Kaev. About 2 months left.

KIA

AA> There are a bunch of all sorts of cool single-crystal chips/dsp, in particular there are mp3
AA> decoders + usb. 1.0 + the microcontroller itself. Prices are around 20-30$ in a batch of 1000 pieces. If you put one on a Sprinter (as on a still
AA> developing thing) you will get a funny monster :)
This is also an option, but it will not help ordinary Speccy users, which means
others will not need it (due to the software).

AM> Uh-uh, but it’s okay that I have a
AM> flash drive in my AOH as RAM,

The built-in RAM
of the i8051 microcontroller is used as RAM (Rus-2x?) EEPROM is used for its intended purpose - to
storing rarely changed data. But someone came up with a
wonderful idea - to write down the current time there, once a minute
somewhere. Here is the result. All the happy owners of this
miracle phone were forced to fork out money for a new one, or take it for repairs (at their own
expense, of course).

AM> according to the average statistical data of AON repairmen, it will last for more than
AM> for 3 years.

Yeah. But 4 is not enough. This is a microcircuit with a million cycles.

AM> Is it okay that I use a 128 MB flash drive as a floppy disk to carry a file from
AM> work
AM> home, and no problems?

Nothing. She records with you, maximum, twice a day. And more than once
per minute, or even worse - imagine a swap on it... Although, it won’t work.
It has a very decent write/erase time, it doesn’t compete with an HDD.

AM> Otherwise, you listen to you, and it turns out that everything is always done incorrectly
AM> and
AM> it simply shouldn’t work... But for some reason it works.

I wrote above how it works. The warranty had barely expired when the phone
broke.

IK> On the IBM PC - programming is programming for the system (without
IK> BIOS and DOS/WDOS you can’t take a step), any book on DOS is happy
......
IK> PC - good, on the other hand, it destroys the integrity of the platform. You can
IK> put up with this when you need to work at the very least - document flow,

It seems to me that the problem here is not the abundance of information, but its low practical
suitability. Too much water. For example: I took a book on Builder
C++ by one very famous author to read. Its volume is more than 700 pages. In the first 50 he tells what he will say in the rest of the book. Moreover, the word “I”
occurs every other line, and sometimes up to three times in one line. I just wanted to say “buoy head”. Then he talked about the interface of the program, essentially rewrote the help (although this one is good, because in the program itself it
is in English, but I don’t know it). And only closer to the middle did relatively real information begin. If you throw out all the water, IMHO there would be 100-150 pages left.
But a book of 700 pages, sales are more expensive than 150! And this is the BEST copy of
programming literature. Moreover, he exclusively touched on the use of
visual components.

IK> toys for money, but when for the soul or programming does not cost
IK> giga$, then the monster is dead. In addition, InterNetshowed that the more
IK> documentation, the less useful it is (to find something
IK> you need to look for the documentation again to find it) and the more errors
IK> and inconsistencies there are in it. In the worst case, no one will want to dig into the garbage (and the majority, even
IK> corresponding to the desired topic - this is what it will be and has always been
IK> (pop music)).

I have already encountered this. In reality, you can quickly find only cracks and other material on the theft of other people's programs and ideas, as well as porn. I never found 60% of the material I needed. I am waiting for this percentage to increase, because... I
will need a lot of literature on land management, geodesy, EMM, etc. And just
this is not there.

AM> 800 ... 1000 rubles for 128MB - IMHO a symbolic price for a floppy disk of this
AM> volume.

What do you think of the price of 40 rubles for a 700MB 'floppy disk'? ;-) Not very 'symbolic'?

PS: but the CDV was never connected to the spec (not used)...

Bye...

03 Nov 03 20:03, you wrote to Alexander Araktcheew:

IK> These are the flat ones? They are used in a lot of devices,
IK> and NoteBook (I have never seen it in a “stationary” one) is a rarity among
IK> ordinary (mass) PC users. I'm with friends, only
IK> recently I started noticing Stick Flash, but many of them at once.
it’s somehow strange... you can now find a 32-meter card in almost any trash heap
or find a new one at a ridiculous price...
very convenient and cheaper than a key fob - with the price of a card reader being 10 bucks...

. __ __| ___ __ __ ___ |_
|__)_ | ) (__| (__/_ | ' | ) (__/_ | , [80`s]

IK> With 512 MB, will the volume be acceptable?

Why so much? Although it is possible. There is, for example, Atmel's at45db1282 for 128 Megabits.
In bytes this is 16 Megabytes.

IK> There will be no errors in the work?

Why should they happen if the circuit and algorithm are correctly constructed?

IK> Can you unhook it during operation without damaging the microcircuits?

No problem.

IK> Writing to several microcircuits at the same time - won't it complicate the scheme much?

No. By installing 8 pieces you can get 128 Megabytes.

IK> Stick Flash - buy it at least every
IK> day if you have the money (available, and will be produced and developed in
IK> the future). In addition, the emphasis was on “throwing away” 64 MB, by the owners of “modern
IK> computers” and on the fact that the majority of both Speccy and PC, and on PC Flash have already
IK> appreciated and will buy anyway. The question is whether this could serve the Spectrum well.

USB is too complex and too fast for the Spectrum. You'll have to install a powerful
controller that will outperform the central processor in terms of mips.

KIA

AT> 16th issue). In my opinion, it gave the most necessary information. I don’t like FAQ as
AT> source of information, they are very inconvenient and most importantly not
AT> systematically. It’s better to write an article, essays.
Yes, the FAQ is like a reference book, and the articles show the train of thought and the root causes,
which teaches you to think and solve problems similar to those described on your own.

AT> It seems to me that the problem here is not the abundance of information, but its low practical
AT> suitability. Too much water. For example: I took the book
...
AT> information to read. If you throw out all the water, IMHO there would be 100-150
AT> pages left. But a book of 700 pages, sales are more expensive than 150! And this
AT> is the BEST copy of programming literature. Moreover, he touched
AT> exclusively on the use of visual components.
This is a flaw in the national idea of ​​the bourgeoisie (the United States of America), they have
a lot of things that seem like “twists” to us. Almost all their books are usually written like this:
30% - how good this book is (product promotion).
30% - how competent its author is (expanding the clientele of the author himself).
20-25% - the book itself.
15-20 - other things and a list of “used” big names.
But sensible books, nevertheless,often come across, and yet the amount of information
is significant and not infrequently describes tools for the sake of tools, as the great classic used to say: “learn, study, study...”, but work only -
trained, or remain in the ephemeral “potential omnipotence” of a Windows user, having mastered only the really difficult science of setting up pirated copies of toys to run. At Speccy, the work itself is a study (it’s like
natural science (ZX) and the theory of teleportation and quantum effects (PC - a significant basis is required, and the result is a thing in itself)).

AM> Why should they exist if the circuit and algorithm are correctly constructed?
In the connector, the “contact is bad” due to frequent use. It is necessary that “half of it” does not work.

AM> USB is too complicated and too fast for the Spectrum. You'll have to install
AM> a powerful controller that will outperform the central
AM> processor in terms of mips.
However, USB claims to be widespread, USB keyboards, mice, even I have a USB splitter in my
monitor, and mass production should be cheap. But the controller is not
the response part of the device, but it itself should be greatly simplified if
support for working with only one or two devices is left, perhaps at
lower speeds and distances; perhaps a fixed type of device also
means something. In any case, if a Sticker (the size of a little finger) fits
a certain controller along with 1GB Flash, then it should not be so complicated and
accordingly, working with it too, but simultaneous maintenance of several
such devices can be a non-trivial task.

KIA

If a friend leaves for someone else, Alexander, then who knows who is lucky...

AA> And for some reason you can’t see a bunch of people who are going to support this
AA>... :(

you provide the prototype

[StrongholD 85/100] Yurik aka Jerri / Alien Factory /I \
[No RAR allowed] [SoHm] [Conceptual Minimalism] \ZX/

IK>>> Here, that is, to make a circuit that will be simple
KF>> Don’t do it. They will die like flies with active use.
KF>> Flash - in Russian this is "EEPROM" - PERMANENT MEMORY. The
KF>> is not intended as an operational storage device.

IK> A limited resource is not pleasant, but I think it will last for several years
IK> will be enough,
IK> otherwise competitors (even distant ones) would have already “raised the high.”

No one in a sober mind installs a flash drive instead of a regular HDD.

IK> "Hardware" interfaces.

Software. Driver included.

04 Nov 03 20:00, you wrote to me:

AL>> cheaper than a keychain - at the price of a card reader of 10 bucks ...
IK> It’s true that the additional reading device is the whole point: the main thing is not to carry it from
IK> yourself to yourself (and even to another), but to pick up
IK> the necessary information from someone. For example, ZipDrive (or something like it) - well, I bought it -
IK> but how can I write to it from someone else? And everyone already has USB - this
card reader is not a zip drive, I can easily carry it in my pocket :)

IK> the simplicity was appreciated and soon such devices will be widespread
IK>. And the price of Stick Flash is clearly too high, so in the future
what is “Stick Flash”? this is clearly something jargon that hasn't reached our shores.
IK> is very good, but creating a device for Speccy can take a lot
IK> of time.
CF is still better - because there's less hassle and there's already one in any trash heap.
And for USB you'll have to make not the client part, but the host controller.
I recommend looking at the size of a separate chip on some old PC USB
controller - somehow you immediately lose your appetite.

In a message of 04 Nov 03 Andrew V. Miheev wrote to Ivan Kuvshinov:

AVM> USB is too complex and too fast for the Spectrum. We'll have to
AVM> install a powerful controller that will outperform the
AVM> central processor in terms of mips.

Some radio hobby had an article about some device where a
90s2313, overclocked to 20 MHz, was attached to the USB. Moreover, it was connected directly
to the USB bus (well, there were also shortcomings). Since such a scheme began to wander
from magazine to magazine and was generally published by someone, it means it works,
even if it’s not the same. the solution is crooked and incorrect. And connecting any
controller to the spec is no problem.

Bye...

VA> In some radio hobby there was an article about some device where a
VA> 90s2313, overclocked to 20 MHz, was attached to the USB. Moreover, it was connected directly by
VA> outputs to the usb bus (well, there were also shortcuts). Since such a scheme began to wander
VA> from magazine to magazine and was generally published by someone, it means it works,
VA> even though it’s technical. the solution is crooked and incorrect. And connecting any
VA> controller to the spec is no problem.

This “lives” on the Internet:
http://www.cesko.host.sk/IgorPlugUSB/IgorPlug-USB%20(AVR)_eng.htm
Only It’s not clear how to coordinate the speeds - as far as I remember, packets are being chased via USB
and the Spectrum must have time to process them.
There are also doubts about the fact that this circuit can be a “master” in connection
with a flash keychain. Those. there will certainly be considerable technical difficulties.

IK> However, USB claims to be widespread, USB keyboards, mice, even I have a USB splitter in my
IK> monitor, and the mass version should be cheap.

Not cheaper than the cost.

IK> But the controller is not
IK> the response part of the device, but it itself should be greatly simplified if
IK> we leave support for working only with one or two devices, perhaps at
IK> lower speeds-distances, perhaps a fixed type of device also
IK> means something.

No. The controller should not be simplified. He doesn't know anything about devices at all and shouldn't know. Its task is to provide an exchange protocol, and a fast protocol at that. This means you need to quickly “think” and quickly “respond”.
It’s not easy to do this in software, on a microcontroller, especially if
the protocol is almost synchronous and strictly tied to time.

IK> In any case, if a Sticker (the size of a little finger) fits
IK> a certain controller along with 1GB Flash, then it should not be so complicated and
IK> accordingly, working with it too, but simultaneous maintenance of several
IK> such devices can be a non-trivial task.

Do not forget that standard connections via USB have fast
devices at both ends, even the same flash with an access time of 30-40 ns. The Spectrum cannot be called fast, and the memory of the USB controller is not rubber.In general, the problems
are expected to be serious, although solvable. You can, for example, think about
installing a fast two-port FIFO between the USB controller and the Spectrum.

KF> There are 100 thousand. cycles. Calculate for yourself how long it will live.
KF> And also look in the specification, what erase time is there - you will not
KF> like it...
The swap file can be made to “float” in free space and, if there is
free space, not overwrite (update), but write to a new location,
with large amounts of memory this will not be so significant.
Organize work with memory through a double buffer blocks, blockiness is typical for almost any external memory. Since each buffer
is written/read in the background, and at the same time it is possible to work with the second one, with the
correct organization of the program, the slowdown will appear only when processing of the read data is not required.
16 chips will allow you to halve the access time (ideally), on
a double-sided board, it is still quite compact (if the case is like that of an aircraft and
similar).

KIA

KIA

KIA

AM> Not cheaper than cost.
But it was designed to be cheap, accordingly.

AM> No. The controller should not be simplified. He doesn’t know anything at all about
AM> devices and shouldn’t know. Its task is to provide an exchange protocol,
AM> and a fast protocol. This means you need to quickly “think” and quickly
AM> “answer”. It’s not easy to do this programmatically on a microcontroller,
AM> especially if the protocol is almost synchronous and strictly time-bound.

AM> Don’t forget that standard connections via USB have fast devices at both ends
AM>, even the same flash with an access time of 30-40 ns.
AM> The Spectrum cannot be called fast, and the memory of the USB controller is not
AM> rubber. In general, serious problems are expected, although solvable.
AM> You can, for example, think about installing a fast two-port FIFO
AM> between the USB controller and the Spectrum.
I am inclined to think that no matter how good Stick Flash is, but if something real is
to be done, then you need to use Flash chips. To hell with ergonomics,
design, accessibility, maybe they’ll come up with something later.

KIA

02 Nov 03 (and it was 02:09 then)
Ivan Kuvshinov in his letter to Eugene Palenock wrote:
IK> Yes, but since Stick Flash is a PC thing, the demand for it
IK> is great, the payback is good, the obsolescence of old models is “instant”,
IK> and
IK> prices compared to 64 MB are growing geometrically - the tables may be
IK> inflated as the prices for advanced processor models (compare), and
IK> due to obsolescence, ordinary used ones. models 64-128 MB, it will be possible to buy
IK> at the price of scrap.
At the price of scrap it will not work because Devices powered by such cards appear on fairly free sale. Phones, cameras, handhelds.
For example, for my 64M camera I bought a card for 1t. our money. (SD from kingmax)
no cheaper.

Oka, Ivan!
WBR, Alexander...

... e-mail: c...@cmail.info.kuzbass.net

02 Nov 03 (and it was then 02:36)
Ivan Kuvshinov in his letter to Alexander Araktcheew wrote:

IK> Compact Flash - I’ll see what it is. And what is meant is not
IK> just
IK> connection, but the ability to replace the ROM and, of course, data, without driving through
IK> ports.
CF can be installed on the IDE (people have had experiences here) CF is a very powerful card
but also an expensive infection. there is both the memory and the controller on it.

IK> calculate, for some chunked video (on a PC, what’s the interest,
IK> when the performance reserve allows you to write everything “head-on”, and
IK> DivX
IK> is present,
The wrong approach to the matter, the phrase “everything is on the PC, and can be solved head-on”
is extremely harmful. If you approach the matter like that, then fuck it anyway programming or
hardware. Working with a PC is no more difficult than working with any other computer.

Bye, Ivan!

AA>> mp3 decoders + usb 1.0 + microcontroller itself. Prices are around $20-30
AA>> in a batch of 1000 pieces. If you put one of these on a Sprinter (as on
AA>> a still developing thing), you’ll get a funny monster :)
IK> That’s also an option, but it won’t help ordinary Speccy users,
IK> and therefore won’t be needed by others (due to the software).
It’s possible for others, but how many people will agree to pay 50 bucks for a scarf
or, even worse, solder it for that price themselves? This meant if it was introduced
regularly into the Spriter. Two problems would be solved at once: usb+mp3, although I don’t know how and
at what cost. Still expensive.

AA>>>> In general, the bourgeoisie have a circuit and DOS for connecting compact
AA>>>> flash for standard Speckies (via a standard connector).
AA>> Judging by the number of legs, it’s just a flash drive in a small case.
IK> ...
AA>> Everything is there.
AA>> There is a replacement ROM with DOS in it.
AA>> It looks cool, almost TR-DOS :)
IK> Can you tell me more about the functioning of the bourgeois
IK> circuit at the logical level? And maybe there is an address on InterNet? (now I'm having a hard time with him - I have 50 cents left on my cell phone, but I don't have and won't have any other one)
I won't tell you the exact address, since I don't often leave the house on the Internet, but according to the search
it's a stone's throw away. I ran into this myself.

AA>> Everything is changing very quickly. If you stay on the old hardware, then
AA>> you will fall hopelessly behind. There is simply not enough time for the Spectrum.
IK> There is a reason for this, but Speccy does not require improvement at any
IK> cost, and connecting to it all the peripherals that exist; in this regard,
IK> in general, very modest requests.
The worst thing is that there is no standard. Everyone makes their own.

AA>> Everything becomes outdated someday...
IK> However, the Speccy niche is still unique and taking into account the principle of “all in
IK> and “for the Microsoft system”, for pocket PCs and the like,
IK> mayremain like this for a very long time.
Reality already testifies to something else.. :(
Spectrum is now a hobby for half an hour.

AA>> If you don’t use its features, then this is the most ordinary Spectrum.
AA>> But how many interesting and undocumented things can be learned
AA>> in other modes! :)
IK> Yes, for those looking for a replacement for their old ZX, this is an option, I agree. And
And the only one. Nemo most likely has already scored.

IK> here, for people with a “PC-clouded” view: everything that “gets well” -
IK> is getting worse, and understanding it is the same as “SEX with Windows”
And where are these people who 3 years ago shouted that the only Spectrum for them is
is the standard Spectrum 128?

IK> because the new ones are not very attractive "feature" (so, it seems?) only
IK> scare away. We need beautiful and concise solutions, or BrandName -
And this is the real Brand.

IK> at least
IK> for the scheme (however, Sprinter, due to the lack of competitors,
IK> this is what it goes for). But for me the names mean little.
I just have to admit that it’s not as interesting as it used to be. And most
most importantly there is no time (“for all sorts of bullshit”).

AA>> IMHO interest in the Spectrum has faded also due to the fact that
AA>> its ceiling has almost been reached, nothing supernova and
AA>>It’s impossible to write something brilliant anymore. Lekha Malov/Vivid agree
AA>> most likely. :) He had the same thoughts.
IK> I don’t agree. So much has been written for the IBM PC, they write everything new
IK> - and indeed, really. And on Speccy, they are practically in demand
So the PC is developing all the time, even the bit depth has already increased 4 times, but here
they clung on with their teeth and are getting nowhere, I kind of remember that my great-grandfather lived like this and I
should live like this. So, just like your great-grandfather, they will bury you under a wooden cross and forget.

IK> all programs, it’s just that when creating more or less large programs
IK> the complexity grows exponentially, regardless of experience, due to the fact
IK> that it requires the use of “hardware modifications”, and each
IK> has their own. The result is appropriate - either a “craft” for yourself,
So even the standard multicolor (1997) was not used. Not once.
(demo versions do not count). So what was the point for the rest of the people to install it? Okay, at least we sorted out the memory problem. A swamp in one
word.

IK> either it is not written, or, after an attempt at “standardization”, they get frustrated
IK> and leave the platform (those who have more energy), or simply
IK> are disappointed. The rest “won’t make a difference.”
Who’s left anyway? Besides Alonekoder :)
I propose a New Year's competitionGIFTs. Deadline December 20.
Who will support?
I'll give 100 rubles for beer to the winner :)
People! Wake up!

IK> ...
AA>> Due to the disgusting quality, Spectrum keyboards have all
AA>> rotted,
IK> The keyboard is a very serious problem. Even for the IBM PC - I can’t
IK> find without “Windows” keys (and without stubs, with long Alt/Ctrl -
IK> b.u.) - how many DOS programs are “killed” (the program is not possible
IK> to restore... it will be closed). :(
Yes, there aren’t any of those anymore. I specially bought a Mitsumi classic for myself, it’s just the
thing for me. You can’t find keyboards here without Windows.

AA>> With complete self-hand-to-hand labor, it comes out to ~1000 rubles if you start from
AA>> from scratch. I didn’t count the drives, because you can find a bag for nothing. As a result,
AA>> we got something for 1/3 the price of the Sprinter. Let’s compare possibilities...
AA>> We are deciding whether we need hemorrhoids?
IK> Since Sprinter has been made, Spectrum can be done, but Altera can be flashed: I have no idea how to program the circuit itself (someone will do it), but
Altera is programmed itself at boot. Which cannot be programmed
on two fingers according to an elementary diagram from the datasheet.

IK> this means it’s very good. It’s difficult. In my Speccy there is such a square one (HA
IK> it seems), with many conclusions - maybe this is also an option, although
It’s a custom mask.BIS, you can’t assemble it yourself.

IK> probably flash it too? But if someone can flash it like this,
IK> then it will fix it for everyone else, because not everyone has a
IK> programmer at home?
Easy to assemble, who needs it.
I assembled bidipro, jonisprog, alterablaster/stk200 myself. We are currently engaged in upgrading old equipment. All the schemes are there, you just need patience and
desire. LUT is a significant step in home construction.

AA>> warranty/post-warranty repair of computer equipment, a lot
AA>> told horrors what they throw away at first glance.
IK> Yes, I don’t throw anything away, I don’t work with hardware and then 10
IK> disassembled CD-ROMs, and hardware - two 233 computers can be assembled and
IK> "four" in addition (like - receiving iron from friends).
Collect, sell and buy one Sprinter
For the rest you can wash the purchase well :)

IK>>> It doesn't take a lot of intelligence to pull out the mikruh of them, and simple logic is not
IK>>> expensive.
AA>> Not all of it is there. You'll still have to buy it anyway.

IK>>> doesn't need adjustment - digital.
AA>> :)
AA>> No big deal.
AA>> How many people struggled in 95-97 because of incompatibility.
IK> Now it’s easier, the limitations in creating a circuit are only brains and experience.
Whoever has them is no longer on the Spectrum, butwho is not...
Bye, Ivan!
Arc/exRLDG

AL> what is “Stick Flash”? this is clearly something slang that has not reached our lands
AL>.
This is a keychain, the size of a little finger, similar to a very short fountain pen,
capacity up to 1 GB, inserted into USB, after removing the cap, writing speed
500-700 Kilo (I read somewhere in Ru.Mac) something per second.

KIA

AA> Standard answer.
AA> So everything gets hammered. Don’t worry, I’ve forgotten a lot myself :)
If I understood electronics, I would have already done it and would have written in the echo at
the end, but not like this, and advocating for something I have no idea
is wrong, it takes time.

KIA

AA> I just have to admit that this is not as interesting as it used to be. And
AA> the most important thing is that there is no time (“for all sorts of bullshit”).
Over time, the understanding comes that serious, adult things are “all sorts of bullshit,” but the components of a personality, such simple things as hobbies,
begin to be lacking and if something is still warming there, you will try
to warm it up. But a person changes all the time, and his worldview changes - it makes no sense to be offended
by this, but how to change depends on each individual.

AA> So the PC is developing all the time, even the bit level has already been increased 4 times,
AA> and here they clung on with their teeth and are getting nowhere, I kind of remember that my great-grandfather lived like that
AA> and I have to live like that. So you, just like your great-grandfather, will be buried under
AA> a wooden cross and forgotten.
Development is different. On an IBM PC, a person is for a machine, but on a Speccy, a computer
is for a person and he doesn’t need to change, he needs to preserve what he put into it
in order to develop it and pass it on. And on the PC, a whole layer of culture associated with
Software 3D is in the trash and no one will remember, the same with the rest.

AA> So even the standard multicolor (1997) was not used. Not once.
AA> (demo versions do not count). So what was the point for the rest of the people
AA> to install it? Well, at least we sorted out the memory problem.
AA> A swamp in one word.
Hardware MultiColor? Experiments are not bad, it’s bad when necessary
things cannot be implemented correctly - it spoils the very essence. And the “finishes” themselves probably brought a lot of benefit to their authors, at least in the form of
knowledge and experience, there would be interest.

AA> In general, who was left? Besides Alonekoder :)
AA> I am offering a New Year GIFT contest. Deadline December 20.
AA> Who will support?
AA> I'll give 100 rubles for beer to the winner :)
AA> People! Wake up!
+100r from me, but not for beer! Drinking a lot is harmful. :)

AA> Altera is programmed itself upon boot. Those that cannot do this
AA> are programmed on two fingers according to an elementary diagram from the datasheet.
Already a big plus is the possibility of releasing new Spectrum and with printed circuit boards
there will be less fuss. This means you can only make the logic, and the remaining board
will not be difficult to install.

AA> Collect, sell and buy one Sprinter
AA> For the rest, you can easily wash the purchase :)
By the way, it seems that SIMMs from the four 1MB ones are lying around somewhere, diagrams for connecting them
to ZX.Spectrum, at one time, were very popular, if anyone wants things
need - I can look for them (Msk. Region), or we’ll add them to the prize.

AA> Those who have them are no longer on the Spectrum, and those who don’t...
Nonsense, brains are not water to scatter, where - much. Smart people try
to developversatile, and Speccy is just such a computer, without
which everyone loses something important, but with it gains a lot.
With Speccy - forever. (c)

KIA

IK> When, to do this, just plug in the cable and at least copy yourself - yes. And in
IK> a situation like on Speccy - the HDD is a foreign object that gives rise to many
IK> problems.

Sheer nonsense. First I would like to understand the essence of the issue. An HDD with an ATA-2
interface is connected via a primitive controller - a pair of busbars and a
decoder.

On Wed, 05 Nov 03 18:05:48 +0300, Ivan Kuvshinov wrote:

IK> 16 microcircuits will allow you to halve the access time (ideally), on a
IK> double-sided board, it’s still quite compact (if the case is like that of LA
IK> and
IK> similar).

Well, don’t theorize, but do it. At the same time, write the software.

IK> Yes, I don’t argue, and CD-RW (large) too, but it’s inconvenient, because out of
IK> the 100 you take with you will come in handy once, and the remaining 99 every time
IK> take the CardReader out of your bag when you come home and crawl under the table
IK> to connect the cord. As a result, either laziness will connect, or laziness
what, excuse me, bags? For a very long time now there have been readers for one type of card, a little larger in size than the card itself and in keychain format. Shouldn't the key fob be connected there? in the same way, crawl under the table and poke it into the hole.

IK> turn it off, but you will only have it with you in emergency cases and
IK> you won’t be able to fully use it, and even then you’ll get used to
IK> relying on something else. It has been checked several times, besides
IK> “it starts to be necessary”, as a rule, when you are not going somewhere from home, and
IK> there is no question of giving it away for recording, especially since there is no question.
why? ok, if the moderator doesn’t mind, I’ll give you a cute photo.

KIA

KIA

IK>> that “begins to be needed”, as a rule, when you are not going somewhere from home
IK>>, and even more so, there is no talk about giving it away for recording, especially
IK>>.
AL> why? okay, if the moderator doesn’t mind, I’ll teach you a tiny photo
AL>.
In general, the point of the letter was that despite the size, if there are
additional conditions of use, then they are usually not met, which
in fact, means the absence of such a device, either there or here.
But, since the line between the reading device and itself is so erased, then
it really is just as convenient. I don’t know the reason that I haven’t observed such devices, unlike “key fobs.” All I just described the situation from
my point of view.

KIA

IK>> a lot of time.
AL> CF is still better - because there is less crap and there’s already one in any trash heap.
That’s for sure, and it already works.

AL> And for USB you will have to make not the client part, but
AL> the host controller.
AL> I recommend looking on some old PC at the size of a separate
AL> USB controller chip - somehow right away loss of appetite.

No, I looked specifically today, soic28, usb1.1/2.0, mcs51 based, 40MHz,
$8.89 in Moscow.
But I remember something from there that the minimum speed for usb is 1.2Mb/s. We'll have to
pervert.

Bye, Alexander!
Arc/exRLDG

AA>> promoted, but then they clung to their teeth and got nowhere, I kind of remember that my
AA>> great-grandfather lived like this and I should live like this. So you, just like your great-grandfather
AA>>, will be buried under a wooden cross and forgotten.
IK> Development is different from development. On the IBM PC it's a man for the machine, but on the Speccy
No, you just have to be able to do a lot of things and be in a team of equally obsessed people.
So you can have a stage on an electric razor with an LCD :)

IK> the computer is for the man and it doesn't need to change, you need to preserve what
IK> they put into it in order to develop it and pass it on. And on the PC, a whole layer
IK> of culture associated with Software 3D is in the trash and no one will remember, the same
IK> with the rest.
Why? People have gone ahead and are doing the same thing on new hardware.

AL>> Shouldn’t the key fob be connected there? in the same way, crawl under the table and
AL>> poke it in the hole.
IK> Additional USB connectors are now being installed, right up to keyboards and
IK> monitors.
well :) I have these connectors instead of a 3.5" drive. Both at home and at work.

IK> it is so erased by itself, then it’s really just as convenient. O
IK> The reason is that I have not observed such devices, unlike
IK> “key fobs” - I don’t know. I just described the situation from my point of view
IK.
the whole point is that connecting a CF card to a real world is much easier than assembling a host controller on
a real world.

06 Nov 03 18:40, you wrote to me:

AA> No, I watched it today on purpose, soic28, usb1.1/2.0, mcs51 based,
AA> 40MHz, $8.89 in Moscow. But I remember something from there that the minimum
AA> usb speed is 1.2Mb/s. We'll have to pervert.
hm. this is the speed in megabits... in short - about 90 kilobytes/sec on
the headlight line.

IK> By the way, it seems like SIMMs from the four 1MB ones are lying around somewhere, circuits for
IK> their connection in ZX.Spectrum, at one time, were very popular, if
IK> someone needs it for business, I can look for it (Msk. Region), or we’ll add it to the prize
IK>.

I have a decent one on my fax server number of SIMM connection schemes for different spec models. And not only 1MB ones. There are more than 300 files, mostly reference literature on a variety of topics. For those interested, look for:

CONCORD FAQServer 2:5053/51.0

Regards, Alexey.

PS When replying to netmail, we kindly ask you to cut the letters to 11Kb. Otherwise
the ending will be lost. :((

IK>> interest when the performance reserve allows you to write everything in
AK> The wrong approach to the matter, the phrase “everything is on the PC, and you can solve it in
AK> head on” is extremely harmful.
And yet this is quite close to the real state of affairs, when
the next versions of programs, with all only “eliminated” errors and
recompiled for the new “completely” 32-bit something Visual"
increase requests twice. And as for “solving everything head-on” - that’s exactly what they do,
because they write mainly for money, and the main condition is that it
works on time, and not that it works correctly (you can also sell software support
and the next “versions without errors” for half the price).
AK> If you approach the matter like that, then why the hell
AK> don’t bother with programming or hardware.
On WinTel PC - for money, or training before “serious work”. People
who decide to do something for themselves (together with the public)
are subject to massive ideological pressure, or become
victims of propaganda and ideologies of all sorts of Visual Basics and the creation
of tools for toolsfunds. Independent work is only possible there for already experienced people (and it is clear that they are only riveting for money). Practically no one does programming for themselves,
and beginners, having created a little “garbage”, begin to look for commercial projects, where
they write snippets of something about the purpose of which they have not the slightest idea. And
although there are a lot of advantages here, not in terms of human development through
programming, but in terms of using and selling software, everything revolves around this.
AK> Working with a PC is no more difficult
AK> than working with any other computer.
Working on a PC - yes, but the PC has never been a simple tool for a programmer, even high-level languages are not free from confusion “support”
of all kinds of systems and “improvements” in which you need to navigate.
In fact, one cannot speak so categorically on these issues, but when it comes to
the ease of understanding and programming on Speccy and on PC - PC is not
near. And a computer, even in Africa, is a computer, inflating problems that can be solved on it is not a noble occupation.

KIA

AA> So they said that there was no need to do anything at all, just the standard.
AA> When they were reminded that the standard is Spectrum 16k, and it’s clear that without
AA> tr-dos, they fell silent for a while.
Extremes and dividing the world into black and white never justified themselves.

AA> There is simply a hobby that is useful in the household or brings left
AA> profit. All remaining attention is switched to him.
For business and for soul - different things, of course, you can find a compromise, but
we will not exchange some hobbies for anything, and “half measures” are not for everyone.
Although, in life anything can happen, but we must strive to attract new people to the
platform and then such natural processes of the “water cycle in nature”
will not be so significant as to attract attention attention.

AA> Judging by the general enthusiasm, people are doing what I said :)

AA> No, you just have to be able to do a lot and be in a team of equally obsessed people.
AA> So you can have a stage on an electric razor with an LCD :)
Yes, the atmosphere and the people that make it up are even more important than some “hardware”,
The Speccy has it all, you just have to support it, support it friendly
relations and everything will be fine.

IK>> a whole layer of culture associated with Software 3D is in the trash and no one
IK>> will remember, the same with the rest.
AA> Why? People leftforward and do the same on the new hardware.
Forward - yes, but in what way? Have you exchanged the creative process for a technological one, concrete things for abstract ones, or lost understanding of the basics? Perhaps this will allow
to take a fresh look, speed up the creation of something completely different - new and in
a new area, and will turn programmers into designers. But the fact remains: programming, as production, and the art of programming have different paths.

On Mon, 03 Nov 03 21:26:20 +0300, Aleksey Tarasow wrote:

AT> It is necessary according to the Pro scheme. Actually, I already have a screw, everything works, but
AT> here
AT> I can’t control it. I'm an active CP/M user, so I'm mainly
AT> interested in information for it. But I won’t refuse any other. We need
AT> ports,
AT> examples of work (let's say how I can read the required sector directly, bypassing the OS),
AT> how

Have you seen my letter on this topic?

AT> It seems to me that the problem here is not the abundance of information, but its low practical
AT> suitability. Too much water. For example: I picked up a book on
AT> Builder
AT> C++ by one very famous author. Its volume is more than 700 pages. In the first 50
AT> he
AT> tells what he will say in the rest of the book. Moreover, the word
AT> “I”
AT> occurs every other line, and sometimes up to three times in one line. So
AT> I wanted to say “buoy head”. Then he talked about the interface

Clear evidence that this is waste paper.

AT> programs, essentially rewrote the help (although this one is good, because in the
AT> program itself it
AT> is in English, but I don’t know it). And only closer to the middle began
AT> relative
AT> real information. If you throw out all the water IMHOthere would be 100-150
AT> pages left.
AT> But a book of 700 pages, sales are more expensive than 150! And this is the BEST
AT> copy of
AT> programming literature.

Nonsense. This is commercial (written exclusively for sales, both books
and "builder") literature. Actually, programming, which has no
in any connection with either the “builder” or the language, doesn’t
smell there... Why not learn about the language from its creators themselves?

AT> I haven’t found any material for me. I am waiting for this percentage to increase, because... I
AT> will need a lot of literature on land management, geodesy, EMM, etc. And how
AT> times
AT> it’s not there.

Where will it come from? Think about it. Moreover, you need
only Russian-language literature, which greatly narrows your search.

...Kirill Frolov ..> Aleksey Tarasow:

don’t go too deep into off-topics...

[.skip.]
AT>> IMHO there would be 100-150 pages left. But the book is 700
AT>> pages, sales are more expensive than 150! And this is the BEST
AT>> copy of literature on programming.

KF> Nonsense. This is commercial (written exclusively for sales, both the KF book and the “builder”) literature. Actually, programming, which has no connection whatsoever with the “builder” or with the language, doesn’t even smell like KF... Why not learn about the language from its creators themselves?

November 08, 2003 at 17:06 Ivan Kuvshinov talked with Alexander Araktcheew.

IK> will allow you to look at it in a new way, speed up the creation of something completely different -
IK> new and in a new area, will make designers out of programmers.
what's wrong with that. do you want to get fancy software with lousy
graphics or super fancy junk with a poor interface?

See you, Ivan!
09 November 2003 13:18

AT>> program it is in English, but I don’t know it). And only closer to
AT>> the middle did relatively real information begin. If you throw out
AT>> all the water, IMHO there would be 100-150 pages left. But the book is 700
AT>> pages, sales are more expensive than 150! And this is the BEST
AT>> copy of literature on programming.
KF> Nonsense. This is commercial (written exclusively for sales, both the KF book and the “builder”) literature. Actually, programming, which has no connection whatsoever with the “builder” or with the language, doesn’t even smell like KF... Why not learn about the language from its creators themselves?

Are you talking about help? Are they available in Russian?

KF>> Nonsense. This is commercial (written exclusively for sales of both the KF book and the "builder") literature. Actually, programming, which has no connection whatsoever with the “builder” or with the language, doesn’t even smell like KF... Why not learn about the language from its creators themselves?

Saturday November 03 2001 23:01, Ivan Kuvshinov wrote to Andrew V. Miheev:

IK> case, if a certain controller
IK> is placed in a Sticker (the size of a little finger) along with 1GB Flash, then it should not be so complicated and
...
However, an original look at peace...

Best regards, Oleg. [ZX]

IK>> controller together with 1GB Flash, then it shouldn’t be so
IK>> complex and
OG> ...
OG> However, an original look at the world...
based on the size of the Athlone core, we can assume that the K155LA3 is much more complex than that :))), with this logic.

KIA

IK> It was understood that a complex controller would be done separately, that is,
IK> the installation itself would take up space, regardless of topological standards, and
IK> a controller integrated with Flash would not be profitable to make complex. Although
IK> what is there and how, in fact, I don’t know.
Then why say what you don’t know? And the profitability and complexity of controllers are not always of the same order. And not only controllers.
And complexity/space in our time is also a very
relative concept.

You have to be more precise.

Best regards, Oleg. [ZX]

OG> controllers, these things are not always of the same order. And not only
OG> controllers. Yes, and complexity/occupying place in our time is also
OG> a very relative concept.
In general, yes, but it’s all too vague to say anything
specific, in this case.

OG> You have to be more precise.

KIA

05 Nov 03 01:35, Kirill Frolov -> Ivan Kuvshinov:
IK>> A limited resource is not pleasant, but I think it will be enough for
IK>> for several years, otherwise competitors (even distant ones) would have already
IK>> “raised the high.”
KF> No one in in a sober mind he doesn’t install a flash drive instead of a regular HDD.
They do. And for a long time. Into what was recently called a “sub-laptop” and now is called anything else (palms, psions, casiopeias, wine devices have come out of the class of ultra-small laptops).
By the way, I have never encountered a “dead” flash drive.

Happy Kirill! Well, aren’t you tired of reading?

A. Lysenko, R. Nazmutdinov, I. Malygin.
USB interface converters on FT8U232AM, FT8U245AM chips

The ability to connect USB devices to a computer will not surprise anyone now.
Compared to traditional computer I/O ports (serial
COM, parallel LPT), the universal serial bus (Universal Serial
Bus) provides higher data transfer speed. The maximum
bandwidth of USB version 1.1 is 12 Mbit/s, the more modern version 2.0
is 480 Mbit/s. For low-speed devices, a speed of 1.5 Mbit/s is provided.
However, the USB data exchange protocol is complex and until recently
it was beyond the power of not only radio amateurs, but also many specialists.
Today, by installing the FT8U232AM or
FT8U245AM microcircuit in the device being developed, you can convert USB into a “virtual” serial or
parallel port and conduct high-speed data exchange using familiar well-known
methods, without taking into account many of the operating features of USB.

KIA

KIA