Real time OS

Hello _All_! *Anton* writes to you! Real time OS Alan Jock 07/04/2001 Definition Real-time operating systems (RTOS) are a special type of control software, which is often used to organize the operation of embedded computers applications that are characterized by limited memory resources, low performance, as well as the requirements for guaranteed response time, high level of readiness and availability of auto monitoring tools. Real-time operating systems are now used almost everywhere. They are as common as their - Windows, Mac OS and Unix, which manage software applications and system components running on standard PC. Real-time operating systems are used for managing computer applications and components in network routers and switches, in cars, in pagers and mobile phones, in medical instruments, industrial measuring and control equipment, as well as in many other application areas. One of the main properties of real-time operating systems is their the ability to isolate applications from each other, so if in a program a crash occurs or some illegal operations are performed, the OS can quickly block a program, initiate recovery and protection of other programsor the system itself from a series of malicious commands. Same defense prevents memory stack overflows caused by the actions of any programs. Cruel reality There are two types of real-time OS: one of them is characterized by , the second - . If no processing is performed critical situations or it does not happen quickly enough, the system of hard real-time interrupts the operation and blocks it so that it does not suffer reliability and availability of the rest of the system. Soft real systems time, they are more “lenient” and “tolerate” certain, non-critical errors. As real-time operating systems and embedded computers increasingly used in mission-critical applications, developers commercial systems are creating new high-availability real-time operating systems. These products include special software components that initiate alerts, run system diagnostics to help identify problem, or automatically switch to a backup system. Modern High availability RTOS support the CompactPCI bus developed by the PCI group Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group for hardware hot replacements. There are quite a few real-time operating systems available. To the numberThe most popular products include VxWorks and VxWorks AE, developed by by Wind River Systems. The latter is a high-tech architecture availability with distributed messaging and support fault tolerance. The OS allows programmers to isolate together libraries, data and system software used, and applications. LynxOS is a rigid real-time OS that runs Unix and Java. The QNX operating system runs on Intel architecture processors and has microkernel is only 10 KB in size. To real-time operating systems created in scientific institutions, refers to Carnegie Mellon University's Chimera, a multiprocessor multitasking real-time system that simplifies configuration and re-use use of code by programmers. Chimera is designed for robots and automated systems. Operating system created at State University Maryland, was named Maruti. It supports both hard and soft real time. For many years, real-time OS applications have been used in embedded systems for special purposes, and more recently they have become be used in everything from computer-controlled medical equipment to coffee makers New distributed computing applications stimulate creatorsoperating systems to engage in research and development of standards. Government initiatives, in particular the three-year Quorum Committee program, part of the US Defense Research Initiative Agency Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, also dedicated to resource management real-time, networking, data management and technology middleware.