[FWD] Full description of Esperanto (5)

============================================================================== * Forwarded by Alexej Antipov (500:95/468.6) * Region : ESPERANTO.RUS (/2065) * From: Andrej Ananjin, 2:5026/14.29 (17 Feb 01 23:45) * To: All, * Topic : Full description of Esperanto (5) ============================================================================== Consoles eks - former: eksministro - former minister. dis- (times-): doni - give, disdoni - distribute. mal- (opposite): bela - beautiful, malbela - ugly. mis- (erroneous): diri - to say, misdiri - to misspoke. ek- (beginning of action): ridi - laugh, ekridi - laugh. re- (repetition): legi - read, relegi - reread. fi- (contempt): knabo - boy, fiknabo - bully, tomboy. bo- (relatedness by marriage): patro - father, bopatro - father-in-law, father-in-law. ge- (both sexes): patro - father, patrino - mother, gepatroj - parents. pra- (great-): avo - grandfather, praavo - great-grandfather. Preposition prefixes In Esperanto word formation, the so-called prepositional prefixes (prepositions that can be attached to other words). Al- (“to”): iri - to go, aliri - to come. Antau^- ("before"): antau^vidi - to foresee, antau^diri - to predict. C^e- (“y”): esti - to be, c^eesti - to be present. El- ("from"): eliri - to go out; porti - to carry, elporti - to carry out. En- ("into"): eniri - to enter, enmeti - to invest. For- ("away"): iri - to go, foriri - to leave, to leave.Inter- (“between”): interparoli - to talk, internacia - international. Kontrau^- ("against"): kontrau^stari - to resist. Kun- (“with”): labori - to work, kunlabori - to cooperate. Pri- (“about”): skribi - to write, priskribi - to describe. Sen- ("without"): domo - house, sendoma - homeless. Sub- (“under”): tero - earth, subtera - underground. Tra- ("through"): vivi - to live, travivi - to survive. Trans- ("through"): salti - jump, transsalti - jump over. Most common suffixes -ist- (profession): kuraci - to treat, kuracisto - doctor, elektristo - electrician. -in- (feminine): studentino - student. -il- (tool): tranc^i - cut, tranc^ilo - knife, skribi - write, skribilo - pen. -ar- (collection): arbo - tree, arbaro - forest. -er- (particle): sablo - sand, sablero - grain of sand. -ej- (room, place): mang^i - eat, mang^ejo - dining room, kinejo - cinema -ul- (person): juna - young, junulo - young man. -an- (member of society): partio - party, partiano - party member. -aj^- (thing, object of action): trinki - drink, trinkaj^o - drink. -ebl- (possibility): vidi - to see, videbla - visible. -em- (inclination): dormi - to sleep, dormema - sleepy. -ind- (worthy of something): miri - to be surprised, mirinda - amazing. -et- (small size): dometo - house, kubeto - cube. -eg- (large size): domego - house, pluvo - rain, pluvego - downpour.-ad- (duration of action): promeni - walk, promenado - walk. -ig- (to do, to force): trinki - to drink, trinkigi - to drink, blanka - white, blankigi - to whiten; iri - to go, irigi - to set off. -ig^- (become, become): pala - pale, palig^i - turn pale. -estr- (chief, boss): urbo - city, urbestro - mayor of the city. -ec- (abstract property, state): bela - beautiful, beleco - beauty. -on- (multiple): du - two, duono - half. -obl- (multiplicity): kvar - four, kvaroble - four times, four times. Less frequent suffixes -end- (obligation, what should be): pagi - to pay, pagenda - subject payment. -id- (descendant): leono - lion, leonido - lion cub. -ism- (teaching, doctrine, dogma or direction): marksismo, kristanismo - Christianity. -uj- (receptacle): mono - money, monujo - wallet. -ing- (something into which something is inserted): glavo - sword, glavingo - sheath. -ac^- (disdainful attitude due to appearance): c^evalo - horse, c^evalac^o - nag. -um- (words correlating with the original ones): kolo - neck, kolumo - collar, gusto - taste, gustumi - taste. When using the following suffixes, the stem of the word changes: -c^j- (diminutive male names): Boris - Boc^jo - Borya; -nj- (diminutive female names): Tatjana - Tanjo, Marija - Manjo. All Esperanto suffixes and prefixes can be independent word roots:eksa - former, rea - repeated, igi - force, ido - descendant, etc. + Origin: *Esperanto-teamo de Ivanovo* (2:5026/14.29) ================================================================================ Saluton al vi, All! Sincere via, Alexej aka Marillion.