Something about parasites

*You will live long, All!* At one time there was a conversation here about the fact that freshwater mollusks are something they endure harmful things. I dug up something here about this.... By the way, I love caught fish here, if it has to be dried or salted, I keep it in the freezer for a week first. There y me stable - 20 degrees, so if there is any kind of infection, then it will definitely die. FISH PARASITES DANGEROUS TO HUMAN In the animal world there are many such creatures that behave parasitic lifestyle. When settling in the human body, they often cause very severe diseases. Some of these parasites are tiny, invisible with the simple eye of animals, others, larger ones, reach several centimeters and even meters long. Both of them, to varying degrees, can represent to people great danger. Some of the parasitic worms become infected by accident. swallowing their balls. others actively penetrate the human body through the skin covers in the larval stage, third - a person can only become infected eating raw or undercooked animal meat, including fish, containing live larvae of parasitic worms. Among the parasites that are dangerous to humans, there are those that can can only be infected through fish.The greatest danger in this regard are the wide tapeworm, diphyllobothriasis, which causes the disease in humans, and the cat fluke or opisthorchiasis, which causes the disease opisthorchiasis. With these two parasitic worms and should be familiar to every sports angler. The broad tapeworm is the largest parasitic worm of humans. reaching 15 mm (or more) in length. The body is ribbon-shaped, consisting of several thousand members. Its anterior end is elongated into a thin neck, ending with a head. The head is equipped with two oblong grooves, with the help of which the worm is tightly attached to the mucous membrane of thin human intestines. In addition to humans, it is found in dogs, cats and some other carnivores. The larva of the broad tapeworm reaches 5 mm or more in length at 2-3 mm width. The shape of the larva is somewhat elongated, its body is opaque, milky white, covered with transverse wrinkles. Some fish have these the larvae settle mainly in the muscles (for example, in ruffe, perch, pike perch), in others in the internal organs - liver, kidneys, gonads (for example, pike, burbot, etc.). The number of such larvae reaches thousands of pieces. Once in the human intestine with raw or undercooked fish, the worm larva attaches with the head to the wall of the intestine and after a few weeks becomes an adult worm.Painful symptoms in an infected person are not immediately detected. Gradually, the person begins to experience nausea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, weakness. In severe cases there is severe weakness and malignant anemia. One person can have from 1 to 100 tapeworms. There was a case when one woman was bred to have 280 tapeworms. It should be noted that a greater number of these parasites does not always lead to to a more severe illness. The broad tapeworm is found in Western Europe, Japan, and the USA. On territory of the USSR, it is found in the coastal regions of the Baltic, in Siberia, in Karelia. This worm was found in fish of the Rybinsk Reservoir, in the delta and the middle reaches of the Volga, To clarify the question of how to protect a person from infection broad tapeworm, Soviet scientists have conducted a number of studies. B As a result, it was found that the larva of the broad tapeworm in fish dies under the influence of high and low temperatures, as well as saline solution. For example, heating fish for 5 minutes at a temperature of +51 and within 10 minutes at a temperature of +45 kills the larvae. Freezing fish at a temperature of -10 for 3 hours also leads to their death. Placing fish in a 20 percent salt solution leads to the death of the larvae on the second day. Drying infected gris fish at temperatures from +37 to +39leads these larvae to death after two days. Adding salt to caviar A calculation of 5% of its weight kills the larvae in 6 hours. These studies showed that eating fish is only good boiled or fried form can protect against infection ribbon-wide. Well-salted and smoked fish does not contain yourself live tapeworm larvae. Cat fluke (or Siberian fluke) - flatworm - even more dangerous parasite. It can only be contracted through fish. This worm has a flat body with two suckers, yellow-orange in color, 8-13 mm long. It lives in the liver or intestines of humans, as well as cats, dogs and some other carnivores. Humans and animals become infected with it parasite when eaten raw or undercooked or fried fish with a fluke larva in its body. How do fish become infected? Cat fluke eggs; standing out with feces of a person or dog, develop only exclusively in snail called "bithinia lychee". This slug develops larvae. About two months after entering the snail, the larvae leave it, fall into the water and stay near the bottom of the reservoir. These larvae then penetrate through the skin into the body of fish from the carp family. After this, about a month one and a half, in the fish meat you can find an oval or round capsule,inside which there is a bent larva with two suckers. Dimensions capsules are less than one millimeter and cannot be seen with the naked eye In the body of a person who has eaten fish infected with fluke, it can live up to twenty years. Cat fluke larvae were found in ide, roach, bleak, tench, spruce and other carp. The number of larvae in one fish varies greatly. For example, an ide weighing 250 g had up to 2500 or more larvae, although An external examination of the fish showed no signs of infection with its larvae. Once in the human body, the larvae penetrate the liver and gall ducts where they grow into adult worms, causing human disease The disease does not always manifest itself in the same way in different people. There are complaints more often for pain in the epigastric region or in the right hypochondrium, then for nausea, weakness, headaches and irritability. The liver often becomes enlarged. Sometimes vomiting, jaundice, and fever are observed. Determine if a person is sick with fluke by detecting it in his bile or The fecal eggs of this slug. Rostov region on the Manych reservoirs snail Bitinia lychee is not found at all, the fish there are not infected with cat fluke. Due to the fact that in many reservoirs the fluke is common and the danger of infecting people with this parasite is quite high - many scientists were engaged in clarifying the question of under what conditions canhuman infection occurs from fish. It has been established that during drying and cold smoking, as well as in weak Fluke larvae often remain alive in frozen fish. Even at temperatures from -8 to -12, the death of larvae in small fish occurs after 5-6 days, for Large fish will need 2-3 weeks. Small fish at temperatures from -18 to -20 must be frozen for 24 hours. In lightly salted fish, which It is salted only for 12-24 hours, the fluke larvae do not die. B Small fish must be kept in a 14% salt solution for 7-10 days, and larger ones - 14-20 days. When preparing fish soup, use small fish (0.5 - 1.5 cm thick at the back) cook for 20-30 minutes. after boiling, larger ones (more than 2 cm thick) - 40 and 60 minutes For better frying, fish must be cut into pieces and fried respectively 20-30 and 40-60 minutes. What should sports fishermen do to avoid becoming infected with fluke? - wash your hands thoroughly after handling fish and eat only well-cooked, fried, salted and smoked Considering the great danger to human health from tapeworm and cat fluke, special attention must be paid to protect water bodies from contamination by the eggs of these parasites. Absolutely It is unacceptable to install latrines near water bodies. All river fleet vesselsmust be equipped with special receptacles for sewage. Also it is necessary to take measures to reduce the infection of our pets - dogs and cats. An army of thousands of sports fishermen can bring great benefits, carrying out sanitary and educational work, explaining the harm brings a person infection with his tapeworm and cat fluke and What are the ways to protect yourself from infection by these parasites? Explanation to fishermen about the inadmissibility of feeding dogs and cats cheese fish can lead to a reduction in infection of these domestic animals, and this, in in turn, will contribute to less spread of larvae parasites in water bodies. The successes achieved in our country in the study of these dangerous parasites serve as the basis for further successful fight against human diseases parasitic worms. /That’s all, All, what follows is only the truth.../