

            饬   砥    믮    室
᫥騬  ࠧ:  ᫨ 䫠  ⠭, ਡ 2 
稪  ( ⠢ 32005). ᫨ 䫠  襭,
  㦭    祣  (稪    ⠥  ࠢ
32003).  묨 ᫮, ⭮⥫ 室   
।   ᪠ १  LD B,0. 
⠪  , 祬  ⮩  㪠  ६
믮.    祭 稪  
 ६, 祬 믮  ⢨. ⮬ 
믮  , ᯮ   32003,  
 32005,  ᨬ  祭 䫠 . 
               㦥   ਫ,      ⠪   ᤥ
⭮⥫ 室  ⥫ 祭. 

                         .

         ᪮ ⭮⥫ 室 - 2-⮢ 
  稪   ᫥ ⭮⥫쭮 室 㪠뢠 
᫥   ,       १  ਢ  ⠪
 

                           JP -2 ?

             "FOR.....NEXT"   

         ,    㢥७,    ମ 横 "FOR...NEXT"
몠 "ᨪ": 

                        FOR I = 1 TO 6
                        LET C = C+1
                        NEXT I
         ⭮  ⮬  ।   設 몥
室    ,    ਮ⠥  ᪮쪮    .
  ᬮਬ,          ॠ 横 
設   몥         䬥᪨   㭪権   
⭮⥫ 室: 

         LD B,1  : SET COUNTER TO 1- ⠭ 稪 =1 
         LD A,7  : MAX. OF COUNTER + 1- ᨬ쭮 祭
LOOP     INC C   : C = C+1 稪 
         INC B   : INCREMENT COUNTER- 㢥祭 稪
          CP B   : IS B = A?  - ࠢ ?
       JP NZ,LOOP: IF NOT LOOP AGAIN -᫨ , 横

           ணࠬ  㤥 ࠡ,  㦭 ,
   뢠  ॣ஢ -   㢥祭  
  ࠭  ᨬ㬠  -   騢 稪 
襭        䫠. ࠧ  뫮 
㬥  祭  稪.  ,   믮
横  6  ࠧ,  ⠪ 祬   B = 6   㬥 ?
    ⠪ ணࠬ: 

       LD B,6       : SET COUNTER - ⠭ 稪
LOOP  INC C         : C + C+1
      DEC B         : DECREASE COUNTER - 㬥 稪
       JP NZ,LOOP   : LOOP IS NOT FINISHED - 横  祭

            ,  ⠪ ᯮᮡ 䥪⨢. 
稯  Z80  ᯥ樠쭠 , ᮥ ᫥ 
ਢ  ப.   뢠 ⠪: 

                           DJNZ   

  ⠥:  "㬥  (B)    ३, ᫨  ". 
2-⮢  ,   ⮬      
 ࠢ  ਢ  ⥪⮬. 
         -    ⮩  ᯥ樠쭮   ॣ B
筮  ᯮ  ॠ樨 稪. ࠭祭 
  DJNZ ⮨  ⮬,    ⮫쪮  256.
    ,  DJNZ   묨, ᫨ 
⠪ 室: 

        LD   B,10H   :B = 16
BIGLOOP PUSH BC      :SAVE VALUE OF "B" -  
                     :祭  B
        LD   B,0     :SET B = 256       - 
                     :LITLOOP 
           ..........
                     :WHATEVER CALCULATION-ந 
                     :᫥
           ..........
        DJNZ LITLOOP :DONE 256 TIMES? -  믮 256 ࠧ?
        POP  BC      :GET BACK VALUE OF 8-  
                     : 祭 B
        DJNZ         :DO BIGLOOP 16 TIMES-믮  
                     :墠뢠騩  横  16  ࠧ  

                          

             窥 㬠,  㤥 室 
 ॣ ᫥ 믮    ਢ
 ணࠬ. 

                         

           ணࠬ    設  몥  뢠 樨,
  ᮡ  ந室    ⠪  让  ᪮, 
室  ஥ . 
         ਬ,  ࠧ 室騥  , 뫪 ଠ樨
    䮭  (ᨣ      ᯮ
筮       㣠, ⮡  ⮬  뫮
)    뫪  ଠ樨      設
(।⠢ ᥡ   ᪮ ᪮쪨  
 ᥪ㭤). 
         ⮬   ⠭ 横   
 DJNZ: 

                               LD B,COUNT
                       WAIT  DJNZ WAIT
             COUNT - 稪
             WAIT - 

          DJNZ WAIT ⠢    
DJNZ  ⮫쪮  ࠧ,  ᪮쪮  㦭,  ⮡  ॣ  B 
㫨, ० 祬 ࠡ⪠  .   
  ⢥     ࠦ,  ஬ 訢, 
ந, ᫨  : 

                        WAIT  JR  WAIT

           ਤ 쭮     멤 
⮣ 横. 

                   


                      TIME       EFFECT  ON  FLAGS
   MNEMONIC     BYTES      
                      TAKEN
                             C    Z   PV    S    N    H


 CALL ADDRESS     3    17    -    -    -    -    -    -
 CALL CC,ADDRESS  3   10/17  -    -    -    -    -    -
 RET              1    10    -    -    -    -    -    -
 RET CC           1    5/11  -    -    -    -    -    -



砭:   CC  -  ᫮,஥    믮  
ᯮ .  ਢ ᯮ㥬 ᫮: 

           䫠   ᮪饭              祭
    ______________________________________________________
        ७      C        ⠭ 䫠 ७ (=1)
                    NC         䫠 ७  (=0)
                 Z        ⠭ 䫠  (=1)
                    NZ         䫠  (=0)
       ⭮     PE        䫠 ⭮  (=1)
                    PO        䫠 ⭮  (=0)
                 M          (=1)
                     P         ⥫ (=0)

⢨    䫠:    ,      
䫠     맮  . 
६ 믮: ᫨ 㪠  祭 ६,  
⪮ ⭮  ,  ᫮  믮 

          
                            

         ਬ  ணࠬ    設  몥 ⮫ 
,      ணࠬ  몥 "ᨪ", ᫨ 
.   ᠬ ,  ,  ਬ 㭪 USR 
᢮  ணࠬ    몥  "ᨪ",    ⢨⥫쭮
뢠 ணࠬ, ,   ,  襭 
㦭    RETURN.  ⮬    祭  ஢
।   ணࠬ   ᨬ    襩  ᭮
ணࠬ  設 몥. ᭮ ࠧ稥,   
ਤ  ⮫    ॠ樨  ணࠬ    
ணࠬ    設  몥, ⮨  ⮬,   㦭
  砫 ணࠬ.   맢 㤭,
᫨    ࠭  ணࠬ    設 몥  ६
ᨢ,   ᪮     ⮩  ६  易⥫쭮
䨪஢.    ⠪  砥,   ணࠬ  設
몥      ६饭    ,
᫨      ᯮ  ணࠬ.  ணࠬ 
⠪  뢠    ᨬ  ᫮.   
設 몥 ᫥饣 ।  몥 "ᨪ": 

               IF (CONDITION) THEN GOSUB (LINE)

室   ணࠬ, 㦭  ஦, ⮡
    -  䫠  ॣ, ॡ騥 
쭥  ࠢ.    室  ⮣, ⮡  
髨    ⬠ ᭮  ᫥饬 । CALL
᫥  㤠, 㤠 諨. 
         稥    ⮨      ⮬,      ⢥묨
⨬묨 ᫮ﬨ  ﭨ  䫠: 
         - 䫠 ७; 
         - 䫠 ;
         - 䫠 ⭮ (  ⠪ 䫠 ९); 
         - 䫠 .
         ,         䫠  ⠭  
ᮮ⢥⢨      ᫥  ,  襩    
   䫠.  ⮬  訩  ⨫  ணࠬ஢
।    饭        CALL        RETURN
।⢥    ᫥   ,   ⠭饩   䫠.
ਬ, 

                        LD A,(NUMBER)
                        CP 1
                      CALL Z,ONE
                        CP 2
                      CALL Z,TWO
                        CP 3
                      CALL Z,THREE

         ਢ   ணࠬ   室
 ࠧ ணࠬ  ᨬ  祭, ࠭ 
祩  NUMBER.     ,   ।,
   ணࠬ        祭    ॣ  A.
(祬?) 
          ਬ    ணࠬ, ᫨ 
⭮,    ࠭  NUMBER 祭  ⮫쪮
   : 

                        LD A,(NUMBER)
                        CP 2
                      CALL Z,TWO     : A = 2
                      CALL C,ONE     : A (2 =) A = 1
                      CALL THREE     : A (2 =) A = 3

             ந室   ⮬,         CP   2
⠭   䫠 ,  䫠 ७.   맮
       뫮 䫠. 
            ࠧ,  祭    뢠
᫮   ணࠬ.    ⠥ 訬
⨫ ணࠬ஢. 

             


                    TIME            EFFECT  ON  FLAGS
   MNEMONIC   BYTES       
                    TAKEN
                            C    Z   PV    S    N    H


   LDI          2    16     -    -    #    -    0    0
   LDD          2    16     -    -    #    -    0    0


   LDIR         2   21/16   -    -    0    -    0    0
   LDDR         2   21/16   -    -    0    -    0    0


   CPI          2    16     -    #    #    #    1    #
   CPD          2    16     -    #    #    #    1    #


   CPIR         2   21/16   -    #    #    #    1    #
   CPDR         2   21/16   -    #    #    #    1    #


६  믮:      ७  㪠  ६
⭮    横.  ⪮ 祭 ⭮
  뢠 . ਬ,  CPIR  BC =(HL), 
A = (HL). 

                        

          饬       
몮,    ஬      .  祭 宦 
祭  ࠭  몠:    ,    
몮,         㬠      .    ⮩  
ᬠਢ  ᫥    祭  ணࠬ. 
᪮쪨   ᫥        㤥      
,    ⭮      㪮   
।  ⥫⢠  ᢮ ஫,   饬 
  㬥    設 ணࠬ  設 몥 
   㦥   ⭮     ਠ.      ,
易⥫쭮     ஢ 襩 ணࠬ 
設 몥. ᬠਢ  ⮩    ᠬ
᢮   த   ᯮᮡ    宬  墠뢠  
樨  ॥  饩  㫨,  묨 ᫮, ,
ࠡ뢠騥  楫   ,   ⤥ 8-⮢
. 
          筥  ⥩襩  : 

                             CPI

            襬     몠  Z80,      ࠧ
ᯮ    ।⠢⥫ ᥬ⢠ "ࠢ". 
 ᠬ     ७ ࠢ.  ᪨ 
⠥  "ࠢ      饭".    , 
ࠢ          뫮    ⮫쪮  ᮤন
ॣ  A      ⮬       ॡ 㯮.
  CPI  ࠢ A  (HL)  ⮬᪨ 㢥稢
HL.   砥,  ᫥ 樨 CPI HL 㦥 㪠뢠 
᫥  祩    ⮢    ७ .   ⮩
      ணࠬ ᬮ ᥩ 
 ᪠ ⭮ ᮢ ᫥騬 ࠧ: 

              SEARCH    CPI
                         JR N2,SEARCH
  SEARCH - 

            ⠪   ᯮᮡ,       㤥  㦥
ᮢ (㤥 ⠭ 䫠 ,    
ࠢ)  ணࠬ 㤥 த ᬮ.  ᮦ,
    ⠪    ,  ᪮, ᫨ ᮢ 
㤥  㦥, ணࠬ   .  
  몠  Z80  ⨫   ⮬   CPI
⠪ ⮬᪨ 㬥蠥 BC. ⮬    
롨    ,   ⨬ ᬮ,  ⠪
ࠧ   ᬮ.  ।, 
ᬠਢ     ॢ蠥 255 ⮢, ⠪ 
稪  BC  㤥  ࠭  ⮫쪮   ॣ C.  
  : 

                    SEARCH    CPI
                               JR Z,FOUND
                              INC C
                              DEC C
                               JR NZ,SEARCH
                    NOT FOUND ..............
                              ..............
                        FOUND...............

SEARCH -;  FOUND - ;  NOT FOUND -   
         祢,  ᫨    ॢ蠫 255 ⮢,
㦭   뫠     㣠  ணࠬ.      
ਬ    INC  DEC  ஢ન ᫮ C = 0. 
     ॡ      ⮫쪮    ,  
᪮          䫠  ,  १ 
⢨  ⮨  ⮬,  䫠 ⠭ ⮫쪮 ᫨
C  ࢮ砫쭮 ࠢ .   २⢮ ⮨
  ⮬,      ⠪  ᠭ  ணࠬ   
 㣨 ॣ. 
              ⠪  ᬮ 
 稭  設,    . ⮬   
: 

                             CPD,

      ᪨   ⠥   "ࠢ     㬥".
襭,  筮, ⭮  HL,  १   
  ᠬ.    訬 ﬨ, 祬   ,
 ᫥騥 ⨭ ⠭   : 

                             CPIR
                             CPDR

          : "ࠢ, 㢥  "  
                       "ࠢ, 㬥  ". 
            塠⮢       묨
ﬨ:        ⮬᪨  த
ᬮ      ,    㤥 
ᮢ,   㤥 ⨣  . ⢥,
  㦭  㪠 A,HL  BC । 砫,    
᫮  - ⭮  ᯮᮡ . 
         ᪮  襭 ࠡ ⮩  ந室
     ( ,   ᮢ
  ।       ⢨ ᮢ ), 
室  ᯥ  稥  ண  ⥪   ,
⮡  ஢  ࠧ稥    ⨬  ﬨ.
,  ,  ᫥ ,   ᨬ  ᪮
믮   ணࠬ      設  몥  CPIR    㣨
      ⭨  祭    ६.
  CPIR, ਬ, 稢 21 横   
. 筮,  ᥪ㭤 믮 3500000 横, 
    ⮬  ⮣    । 3500 ⮢ ॡ 1/50
ᥪ㭤.             祭  ⥫
६,    ᫨ ,  뤠 ࠦ  ᯫ
⢫     1/50  ᥪ㭤      ⮣,  
,     . 
         ⠫    樨      
६饭 ଠ樨.  : 

                          LDI   LDIR
                          LDD   LDDR

         祢,    ⭮    ᥬ "㧮" 
 : 
         - 㧨   饭;
         - 㧨,  饭  ;
         - 㧨  㬥;
         - 㧨, 㬥  .
         ६  ᭠砫 ᠬ   . LDI -  
ᠬ   ᫥饣  ⢨: 
         - 㧨 (HL)  (DE),
         -  饭 DE,HL,
         - 㬥 BC.
           ,      ⢥ ,
㦠   祩     室
㧪 ᭠砫  ॣ. 
         ਬ  ॣ DE  ⢥ -楫 祭
ࠧ㬭.          㤥,      ॣ
ᮤন -楫. 
         筠 ⮩  LDD ᮢ襭 ᮢ 
⮩,    ᪫祭  ⮣,    㧪 HL  DE
㬥.    LDI  LDD 뢠   ⮬
砥,        (,  ଠ 室, 
,      ࠢ) ᥪ. ।,
  ਬ塞        ਪ    ⥪⮢
ࠡ⪨  ⨬ 㤠 ᫮  ।: 

            THE BIG BROWN DOG JUMPED OVER THE FOX

           1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9

᫨    ⨬  㤠  ᫮  BROWN,     㦭 ⮫쪮
ᤢ ⠫  ।   6 . 

              DE = 楫     =  9
              HL = 筨 =  15
              BC = 稪  = 24 

  筥    LDI.  ᫥  ࢮ      㤥
ࢮ砫쭮  
                     = THE BIG BROWN DOG JUMPED OVER THE FOX
   1              D<----D
  ।   = THE BIG BROWN DOG JUMPED OVER THE FOX
  HL = 10, DE = 16, BC = 23.
 ᫥  ᫥ :
                       THE BIG DOGWN DOG JUMPED OVER THE FOX
  ᫥ ⮣,    믮
                       THE BIG DOG JUMPED OVER THE FOX. E FOX.
᫨     ⥫, ⮡  । ᫥ 窨 뫠
 ஡,  ⮣  뫮  ⨣  
  ஡      ࢮ砫쭮 । 
㢥祭 BC, ᪠,  30. 
         ᫨    ⥯  訫        
  ᫮  BROWN    ।,   㦭 
᭮  ਬ  LDI, ᪮  쥬 ଠ,
  ⨬ ᤢ. 

 ਬ,    HL = 筨      =  9
              DE = 楫          =  15
              BC = 稪       = 24 

᫥ 믮     㤥:
ࢮ砫쭮       = THE BIG DOG JUMPED OVER THE FOX.E FOX.
ᤢ                 D---->D
 ।   = THE BIG DOG JUMPED OVER THE FOX.E FOX.
᫥ 믮 6   稬
                      THE BIG DOG JUDOG JUVER THE FOX.E FOX.
    .    ᫥  믮  ᫥ 3 
稬: 
                      THE BIG DOG JUDOG JUD OG THE FOX.E FOX.

㤭 ⮨  ⮬,    ଠ,  
⥫   ६.         ஢  ,  
६   ᨬ . 
         ⮬    ᯮ짮  LDI  ॣ஬
DE,  㪠뢠騬     ।.  ࠭, 
ଠ    㤥    ६饭.  LDIR 
LDDR      訬 ﬨ,   
६  ⮢. 

                         .

              ணࠬ    ६饭  32
⮢   , ⮩ ,  ࠭. 
           ,  ࣠  32 
࠭. ⥬ ஡ ६ 256 ⮢,  ⥬ 2048
⮢. 

                   Z80

                        

           ⪮  ᬮ५    ᪮쪨 
  , 饣  ⮪,    ᭨ 
,    ⠪ ࠧ ࠭ ଠ  ⠪ ,
஥    㯭, 祬 祩 . ,  ,
,                  㫨஢   ⨬
ୠ⨢묨  ॣࠬ,      ⪠  ⮬
  祭  業.    ࠭ ᢮ , ᠬ 
ᥡ        믮  䬥᪨  ⢨ 
. 
         ࢠ  ⠪: 

                          EX AF,AF'

               筮  ,    ᪠뢠  
:  "    ॣ஢  AF    AF'". ᯮ
    ⪠,  ᪠ : "८  
    AF". 묨 ᫮,  ᭮  ⮪
AF -  ,  ᭮  ᥣ 砥 AF'. 
             ⮪ ⠪: 

                             EXX

             ८ ⪨   ⠫
8-⮢ ॣ ᫥騬 ࠧ: 

                      B C         B' C'
                      D E   (-)   D' E'
                      H L         H' L'

         ⮬    祭  魠  ,     
         ࠭祭    ਬ.  
ந室 ⮬,      ॣ ࠧ, 
 ⠢   祭 ( ᪫祭 ॣ
A,   EXX  ). 
         ⢥   ᯮᮡ  ८    㤭  -
  ணࠬ ⠪ ⨯: 

                           PUSH HL
                           EXX
                           POP HL

           砥,    祭 BC, DE  HL
    ୠ⨢ ॣ஢,  -० ⠢塞
 ࠡ HL. 
         ᫥      ⮩ 㯯  ᠬ  
⭮  ⨯ "८ ⮪": 

                           EX DE,HL

            ⮩         ४   
ᮤন    ॣࠬ  HL   DE.    ᠬ
   祭   ,   ᪮,      ,  HL  -
ਢ஢      ॣ஢       ਪ
,      樨,    㦭   祭 
ࠡ⪨ 室  DE. 

                      

                 ,   묨  ࠡ⠫,
砫  ࠡ  8-⮢    16-⮢ ᥫ. 㯯
"⠭         ⮢"      ࠡ뢠
⤥    㪥  (⤥  ॣ஢) /
ᮤন  祥  .  - 祭 㤮 ࠪ
ࠡ    ⤥묨 ⠬   祭 ப ᯮ㥬
㯯  .  ⮣,  ࠢ, ⠭ ⤥쭮
    ॣ  祩    , 祬
    ⥭    8  ⮢ ⮩ 祩  
ॣ.     ,  樨,   室
  ⠭   襭   । ,  
⠭  .    ,    ⠭  
⮢  믮   ᪨ ஢. 
         㯯    "⠭   ⮢" 
""    "몫"   ந , 
    ᬮ    , ⮡ ஢, 
  ﭨ. 
          ᬮਬ    : 

                   SET N,R
                   SET N,(HL)
                   SET N,(IX + )
                   SET N,(IY + )

  SET  砥   ஬ N ( 祭 0-7) 
ॣ  R      祩  .   䫠 
. 
         㯯    RESET       筮
㯯  ॣ஢  祥 ,   祭 ⮢
  몫砥. 
            BIT    ᠬ    㦭    BIT?,
᪮ 㭪 ⮩  ⮨  ஢થ ᮤন
㪠  .     ॣ   
,  䫠    ᮮ⢥⢨  ﭨ
஢塞 . 
         ᫨  = 0,  䫠  ⠭ (=1).
         ᫨  = 1,  䫠  뢠 (=0).
               ⠭, 
㦭  ᬮ      ᫥騬 ࠧ: ᫨  ࠢ
,    ⠭ 䫠 ; ᫨  ⠭, 
䫠    㤥. 

                    

             ᤢ  ॣ  ,  ࠢ,  
.   ⮨  ⮬, ⮡ ࠧ ࠧ
ᤢ  横᪨ ᤢ  ⥬, ⮡ ,   
㦭  ᯮ짮,   ,   ७  
ᬠਢ    ⢥  9-    ॣ஢  (..  
७   ⮬, ᫨  ஭㬥஢  0
  7.    横᪮ ᤢ 墠뢠 
७  (  ⢥  ⮣  ),  ⠪  横᪨
ᤢ  楫 ⠢ 横  9 ⮢. 
         ਬ,    ᬮਬ    RLA  (
  㤥 ᭥ ). 
         㣨   横᪨   ᤢ   墠뢠   ⮫쪮
8-⮢  横,  䫠 ७   ᮮ⢥⢨
  祭  , ஬ 室 "த뢠 㦭
". ਬ஬  㦨  RLCA. 
