

                 

                            

                ᮧ      ⢥      
ணࠬ஢  設 몥  몥 ᥬ  
" ZX ". 
           ,    ⥭ ⮩    
뫮  ᭮  ।⠢    ணࠬ஢   設
몥.         ⠪ 設 . 
     ⭮,   ࠧ  設
몮    몮  ᥬ,    祬    ⫨ 
ணࠬ஢  몥 "ᨪ". 
           ᯮ      㣠 ᨮ쭮
࣮ -   ⥯ ᭨. 
         ० ᥣ  ᬮਬ  ࠡ⠥ : 

             1 PROGRAMMER-------------- 2KEYBOARD
                  |                        |
                  |                        |
             5TV SCREEN---------------- 3OPERATING SISTEM
                                           |
                                           |
                                  4CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

  1 - ணࠬ, 2 - , 3 - 樮 ⥬,
     4 - 業ࠫ , 5 - ⥫ ࠭.

          ⮩ ࠬ  ⮬, ⮡ ,  
ணࠬ⮬     "", 業ࠫ ஬,
  .    筮 ࠡ⪨ ணࠬ 
   業ࠫ쭮 , 筮 뢠 ,
   . 
            "" ࠭  ⨯ Z80A, ।⠢騩
ᮡ  த騩 ਠ ୮ ⨯ Z80. 4
稯  Z80, 6502, 6809  8088 ⠫ ப ࠭묨 
⢥   -. Z80 - ᠬ   . 
             㤨,   Z80   ᫮  몥
"ᨪ".    ᠬ    稯   ࠧࠡ⠭ ⠪
ࠧ,  ⮡   ।⢥ 뢠  
. 
         ᫨ 筮 㡮 㬠,  , 
뫮    祭  㤭, ᫨  ,   砥
    稯    ,     祫.
  襣 "" (᫨ )  ᬮ
  訩  ஬⥫ 稯 -   Z80A. 祢,
  稯 襩   ॠ஢ ⮫쪮  ᪨
ᨣ, ।  ⠫묨 ﬨ 奬. 

                    ⠪ 設 ?

           Z80  ᪮஢ ⠪ ࠧ,   
ਭ ᨣ ६  쬨 ᮥ  
⠪⮢. 
         ࠡ稪  稯  Z80  ᪮஢    ⠪
ࠧ,    ࠧ  樨  㯠    
쬨  ⠪⮢  ᨣ  "" Z80 믮
ࠧ  㭪樨.     ⮬,   ᠬ   ⮫쪮
᪨   ᨣ,     ਬ  ⥬  ᫮
祭    ᨣ  -  ਬ,  ⠢ "1", ᫨ 
  ⠪⮢  ᨣ,  "0", ᫨ ᨣ . 
         筠  ⮣   룫拉 ⠪: 

                       0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

                   ⢥ ⫨砥 : 

                       "LET A = A + 1"

             ,         設 .
    ᠬ  ᥡ.  -   設. 
ந⥫   ࠧ   稯  ᪮஢    ᢮
த樨 ᢮ ᮡ . 
              ᥡ , ᫨   
設  ,    祬 ஡? 祬  ᯮ짮
த    -    㣨    ࠡ⮩,       
ணࠬ஢    킌    몥,    ,
⠪  "ᨪ"  ""? 
           ⮬    ।    -  ᫥
२ 設 몮: 
    -  ஥ 믮 ணࠬ; 
    -  䥪⨢ ᯮ짮 ; 
    -  ⪨ ணࠬ ( ); 
    - ᨬ  樮 ⥬. 
              ᫥          २⢠    -
।⢥ ᫥⢨ ணࠬ஢  몥, 
  ਭ    ।⥫쭮  ࠭樨,   
ணࠬ    "ᨪ",   ᠬ   믮
ணࠬ 樮 ⥬, ᠭ  設 몥.
 ணࠬ 룫廊 ਬ୮ ⠪: 

      NEXT    
                
               
               
             ,    
               NEXT 

         ᫨    ,      ணࠬ,
樮  ⥬,    ࠭  . 묨 ᫮,
  ஥    "",  (  -  ᮪饭  
ﭭ  饣 ன⢠ 設 , 祩
ன          ,      ⮫쪮  
(REED/PEEKED). 
         ணࠬ   몥 "ᨪ"  믮 
 60 ࠧ , 祬 ணࠬ, ᠭ ।⢥
 設 몥. 
         稭  ⮣  ⮬,  ࠭ ⭨ ६,
騥    १    設  몠  
䥪⨢.      ࠧ,   筮    
뢠    ⮬,   ⢥ ࠭ᯮ;
    ᮪         ண,  
᫥   ⮬   ⢥   ࠭ᯮ,  ஬
室  㤮⢮  ⢥  ॡ.   
  室 묨 ਧ,   ணࠬ஢
 設 몥  ᢮ ⪨: 
    - ணࠬ 㤭   ⫠; 
    -   ७  㣨 ; 
    - ணࠬ 뢠  ( ); 
    - 㤭 믮 䬥᪨ ᫥. 
           砥,      ᫥  祭  த㬠
ਭ 襭  ⮬,  ⮤ ணࠬ஢ ᫥
ᯮ짮   ⭮ . 
         祭   ணࠬ   䨭ᮢ ᫥
      몥,  ࠧࠡ⠭    ࠡ⪨  ᥫ  
⠪,   ணࠬ    砥  室    
஢. 
           㣮  ஭,    祣  㦥, 祬  
ઠ  (ઠ  -  饭     ),ᠭ 
몥  "ᨪ".   拉 ,   ᫨誮
. 
           롮 몠 ணࠬ஢ 㤥 ।
訬 ᮡ⢥묨 ॡﬨ, ꥬ  襩  ,
ॡ騬   ६   ॠ樨,  饭    ࠧࠡ
६  .. 
         ⠪,          ⮣,    設        -
᫥⥫쭮            
।⠢   ᥫ. 

                     ?

         襭 祢,  ᫨  設  
뫮 ।⠢ ⮫쪮   ᥫ, 祭  
뫨   ᯮᮡ  ணࠬ  設 몥.  
殢,  ᬮ    ணࠬ, 饩 ᫥騩
: 

                       0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
                       0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
                       0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
                             ..

             ਤ㬠     
   ᥫ.    ᥬ    ࠧ      ⠪
।⠢ 設 몠.      
  ⭮ ଥ, 祬: 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 
           몮  ᥬ    設  몮  
⮫쪮    ࠧ稥:  ᥬ   ஢ ,
祬  設  .     祫, 祬 設
,       㣮  ஭,          
ᥬ.    樥 設 몠 
"ᨪ".         몠  ᥬ  
筠  (  㭪樨)  設 몠  ,
묨   ᫮,           筮
ᮮ⢥⢨.  ⮬    ᪠,     ᥬ
⥭ 設 . 
             ᥬ    ᯮ       (
᮪饭)     襭  㤮⠥.  ਬ,  
  ⠤  祭  INC HL   祣 
     ,  ,    ࠩ  ,      
.  ᫨      ᪠,    "INC"  - ⠭⭮
᮪饭    (    ᪮   祭)   INCREASE
(㢥),    "HL"  - "६",   ᬮॢ 
          ।⠢   ⮬, 
ந室. 
           ᠬ   設 몥  : 

                       0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1

         ,祢,      ⠪  "" 
    ⮬  ᫥,  ஬    ᫮.
    㤥     , ᫨ ⮫쪮   
ࠢ筮 ⠡        . 
              ᥬ            ८ࠧ
।⢥   設 ணࠬ   ணࠬ 
  ᠬ.    ணࠬ  뢠 "". 
  ᬠਢ    ணࠬ, 믮 쭮
⮬⥫    ࠭樨  襩  ᠭ   몥
ᥬ  ணࠬ    ᫥⥫쭮  設
몠,   ""   ⠥,  "ᥬ" 
"ZX " 㦥 . 
             ,  ⠪  ᥬ 筮 ॡ 6
      ࠭祭  ਬ      ꥬ
  16.ᯫ  ""  ⭨  7 ,  ᫥
㧪  ᥬ     ᥣ 4  
ணࠬ    몥  ᥬ. ( 砥 ਬ୮ 1/2
ணࠬ  設 몥). 
         ୠ⨢  ᯮᮡ  ࠡ  -   ਬ
ணࠬ  ᥬ  ᠬ  ࠭᫨஢   몠
ᥬ    設   , ਬ ਢ 
⮩  ⠡. 
           㤭,  砫  , 㤮,
  -  ४᭠  ࠪ⨪     㡮 
⮣,  ࠡ⠥  "". 
             ᠬ   ४㥬, ⮡  ⠫
  ⠪ ᯮᮡ  ணࠬ  設 몥
-   ..            몥  ᥬ    
࠭᫨஢  設  ०, 祬 㯠 ணࠬ
ᥬ. 

                          

                              

         ࠫ     -  稯, 믮騩 
 ᫨⥫  ࠢ騥 㭪樨. 

                        設 

         ,  ਭ  .     "" - 
設  Z80, ᮤঠ騩 ਡ⥫쭮 200 . 

                         "ᨪ"

          ணࠬ஢, ࠧࠡ⠭ ⠪, ⮡ 
 祫.   믮   ⮬ 몥,
  室 ࠭᫨஢    ᫥⥫쭮
  設  몠. ⮬ ணࠬ  몥 "ᨪ"
⥫쭮    ࠡ,  祬  ணࠬ  設
몥,    . 

                        ᥬ

         ।⠢   設 몠  ᮪饭,
⭮  祫  ,  ਬ,  HALT  -  ᥬ
  設 몠 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0. 

                     ணࠬ ᥬ

         ணࠬ,  ࠭᫨    몠 ᥬ
(㤮⠥   祫)   設 몠
(ਭ ). 

              ﭭ 饥 ன⢮

            ணࠬ      設   몥,  筮
뢠  ணࠬ㥬  㤮. ணࠬ, ⪮
஥       .    ࠭    
⪫祭  ⠭.    ""  ணࠬ஢ 
設    Z80    ᠭ  ᯥ樠쭮    . 
""    祩     0  16383.  
⮫쪮       ᮤন    祥,  ⮣  
⠫     ⮫쪮 ,   . 

                  
               
                               ?

         ᫨  ⨬  ଠ樥  ,  
室   ⨯   㤥 ਭ 
  몥 ࠧਢ   (). 
         ᫨         ,   ଠ      ⨯
ਭ  ,        ᬮ    ᫥ ᭨
, ⥫       - 
ᮯ୨⢠    嬠⭮     壠,᫥饣 
訬 ⠬. 
                  祣   筮.     ࠢ
।⠢       祫窠, ᨤ饣 
襣  "㬠", ண  ६  - .
  ᮡ  -  .    祫窠  
࠭  㬠   ந室饣.    
? 

                               

             ᫥ ᪠   
Z80 ।⠢ ꥪ     ࠡ뢠 .
 ᪮஢  믮 祭  ,  
ᯮᮡ  믮    祭 .  㯮㫨,   
   ࠭  㬠,   ⠪  ᪮஢.
  ᫮,  ஥         , 
      -  騪   ࠭. 
ᬮਬ  ਬ.  , ⮡  । ६ 
-થ,    ६    . ,   祣 
,    ०  ᥣ ਤ ᪠    
.  , 10 ᮢ.     ଠ
  ⭮,      .   
⪫뢠    ଠ    騪,  ᪠,  N1. ⥬ 
  ᮮ    ࠧ   ६  -મ 
,  ᪠奬,    ᮢ ࠭.  ⪫뢠  
騪 N2. 室 ६  ᫥.  ᯥ  騪 N1,
⠥  ᫮,      騪  N2,  믮  ᫥ 
⪫뢠 १  騪 N3. 

                  10 - 5 = 5

             ⢥, 筮, 5 ᮢ.

              騪, ᫮ , ⠭
  .  .  뫨  祭 ⮬⥫묨, ᫨   㦭 뫮
      㬥.  ⮬    㯠 筮    -
⠥     . 
         㪨    뢠 ॣࠬ. 
           Z80    襬 "㬥" ⫨砥 ⥬,  
    ,   ⠭  ⮬ . 
         ⮡  ,   筮   ࠧ
  ६    ਢ   ࠦ,  
    "㪠 ".   ࠢ ᮤন 騪 N1
 騪 N2? ਢ  ᫥⥫쭮 쭮 筮
ᮮ⢥  ⮬,   ᠬ     
 : 
       - ⫮ 祭  騪 N1   㪨 ; 
       -   ᮤন 騪 N2  ⮣,    㦥
          ⫮  ; 
       -  ⢮ 楢  㪥     
         騪 N3. 
         ⠪,  ᫨    ⠪ ந室,  ⥪
쭮  뢮: 
         1.    ᬮ ࠡ뢠 ᫠  11,53 -
  ࠡ뢠 ⮫쪮 楫 ᫠. 
         2.    ᢮  ᫥ 㤥 ࠭祭 ᫠,
  ⪫뢠  ᢮ . 
         , 筮, ୮. 
         ,  ,  襭,        
             ⤥쭮,   
   255   ᥣ 8 楢  㪥 . 
           ᫥饩   ஡ ᬮਬ 祬 
  , 祬  8   㪥, ⮣   
   - ⮫쪮  10.  筮 ᪠, 
  㪥    255,     - 
祬  64000. 
         ࠦ    ࠧ楩    ६      
।⠢  祬- 宦  , ਭ ,-
 ⮫쪮 ᠫ . 
         ⮡       ࠭   稫   ।⠢   
墠뢠  ᯥ  ணࠬ஢   設 몥,
  ⥯  ਬ    (᮪饭),  ⮡ 
 蠣   . 

                              :

         LD   (BOX N1),  10      1:LOAD BOX 1 WITH 10
         LD   (BOX N2),   5      2:LOAD BOX 1 WITH  5

    1 - 㧨 10  騪 N1; 2 - 㧨 5  騪 N2

                              :

     LD     A, (BOX N1)      1:LOAD A WITH BOX 1 CONTENTS
    SUB     A, (BOX N2)      2:SUBTRACT CONTENTS OF BOX 2

 1  -  㧨  ᮤন  騪  N1    ;  2  -  
                     ᮤন 騪 N2

                              :

      LD    (BOX N3),  A      1:LOAD BOX 3 WITH A VALUE

              1 - 㧨 祭   騪 N3

               ᭠砫       譥
⪨, ,   殢,   . 
         "LD" - ᮪饭 LOAD (㧨), ⠪ 
          LD   A,1
         砥 㧨 1  , .. ⫮ "" 
 㪨 . 
           ᪨ 祭 ᯮ ⠪
쭮  ࠧ㬭  ࠧ,  ᭮   ਬ ᪮:
᪮   ᯮ,   ⮡   ,         ⨬
ᯮ짮  ᮤন  ⮣,    ⮨    ᪮.  
㤭          來  ।⠢,
᪮ ᪮ 룫 ⠪,   ⥩. 
              ࠧ,    室    ਢ    
᪨  祭,   㦠  騪 N1  N2 10 
5,  .....  砥  १, ࠢ 5,  騪
N3. 
           筮    ,  㢥७,
  ,       믮 ᫥, ᫠ 
㪥    ᯮ   ।⠢ ६  -થ.
⮩        ᯮ짮   ।⠢
⢠  㦠    ଥ,    㣮  -
⢠    . 
         ᫨   ਢ몫   ६, ணࠬ
  몥 "ᨪ",   ணࠬ஢  設 몥
  ⪠  . 
           㪥  -   ६  ⮬ ᫥, 
஬  ᯮ  ணࠬ  "ᨪ".  
,    祣  ⠥.   ⢥ ࠧ稩
 ணࠬ஢  設 몥   몥 "ᨪ"
-  ⢨ ६. 
             ,  騪, ᯫ㥬  
  ଠ樨,  ६ "ᨪ", ᫨
   . ,  ᮫⭮ ࠢ,   -⠪
 ६.    祭   믮  
㭪樨  ࠭,   ६,   ,  
騪   -     ,  祬  祩  ,  ⢥  
 楫. 
         ᪮쪮   ࠡ뢠 ⥫ ᫠,
    ᬮਬ . 
                                  ? 
         㦭  ᪠,    ,       㫨,
     祭 ࠭ ꥪ⮬.    
    8 楢,  ᠬ  8;   ⮫쪮  , 
      16  楢      祭  ॡࠥ.
⮬         室      讣  ⢠
᫥,    ।祭, ⪫뢠  ᫠
     .    ,   
         筮      믮
室  ᫥    稭 ணࠬ
  ⠭    ।  ᫥, ⮡ 믮
-  㣮.   Z80 室   , ਬ ⥪,
..        ᮪    饩,     
뢠 ᭠砫  ᮪ 㬠, ⮬ ᫥騩  ..
  㤮  ⥬ ࠭, ᫨  㦥 ⮫쪮 孨
箪  㬠,    祭  㤮,  ᫨  㦥 箪 
।,  ⠪    ਤ      㬠  ⥪.
稫,     祭 㤮 ⥬  , ᪮
 ᥣ 㦭   ଠ樨.  ࠧ, 
뢠 ⠢  ࢠ ᫥,  "⠫"
  ଠ    ᢮      ⥪.    뢠
祭,   "⠫"   孨   樨   ଠ樨  
த  ᢮  ࠡ.  ନ   뢠 
⥪.      頥    ଠ樨    ⥪, 
"⠫" ,   - "⠫". ⮫  ⥪
  ⮫    ଠ    ⨯,  ਬ,  
।  ᫮ ᫥   ॡ 
  ଠ      ᫥      ⮣
ॡ  ⤥ "⠫".  稭, 
 ࠧࠡ稪 Z80,   ।⠥ ঠ ⥪
   .     ,    祬    ଠ樨
"⠫"   ⥪, ⥬    ⥪. ᭮
२⢮  ਬ ⥪  ࠭ ६ 権
ଠ樨  ⮨   ⮬,    室  
   騪  室  ଠ  -    ,    
᫥  ଠ樨 "⮫"  ⥪. ⢥,
ॡ     冷,  ᫨  㦭  "⠫"  
"⠫"  権 ଠ樨. 

                               ?

           㬠,    ⮬  ⠯ ⮨ ᬮ 
  ⨯  ࠧࠡ稪  ⠫  ந  稯
Z80. 
         ᪮        ᫥
  ᢮  ᫥       ,  ⮫쪮 
⨯ ᥫ,  묨  ࠡ : 
         -  ᫠    㪨 - .. ᫠,  
            ⫮    㪨; 
         -  ᫠       - .. ᫠,  
            ⫮    ; 
         -      㤭   ,  
                ࠡ뢠  ᫠, ॢ室騥 ,
               ⫮   㪠; 
         -  ⨯  ,     믮 , ⠪ 
            ࠭祭; 
         -  ⪫뢠 ᥫ   㪥; 
         -  ⪫뢠 ᥫ   㪠; 
         -  ᫮,  ⠭,  㢥祭, 㬥襭 
            ࠢ ᥫ   㪨; 
         -  ᫮, ⠭, 㢥祭, 㬥襭 ᥫ
              ; 
         -  ࠧ  ८ࠧ  ᥫ    㪨,
            ਬ,   ᫠; 
         -  㪠  ३  㣮  ணࠬ; 
         -  ⪠    ᫠   㪨  譨
            ஬. 
         ,        祭  ࠭祭  
.     ਬ ⠪ ࠭祭   
⠢        嬠      ᢮ ௫.
  ,       ⠪  , 
㬭.  ᫨   㦭 ६  ᫠  設
몥,    ਤ    ⮣    ணࠬ.  
⮬  ᠭ  ணࠬ    設  몥 ⥫쭮
,  祬  ᠭ  ணࠬ   "ᨪ"-  
 १ ⮫쪮 묨 蠦. 

                              

                              

            ॣ,    ᯮ짮
  ᫥. ᥬ     㪠 ,  
-  .   㪥  7 楢,     -
 16. 

                               

           । ଠ   ᢮ 㪨 
,   ⠪     . ணࠬ  ⢥
   祩        ।⠢  ⭮
ଠ樨. 

                              

            ᯮ짮 ⥪  । ଠ樨,
  ணࠬ    ६  .  ଠ
।    ⥪ ⥬ "⠫"  ,  
⥬ "⠫". 

                               

             믮 ⮫쪮  ⠪ ⨯, 
⥩訥   ।  ଠ樨      䬥᪨
⢨.      ணࠬ         ⠢   
᫥⥫쭮  ⥩ . 

                                
            
           㯮,            255 
 ᥣ  8 楢.   室, ᫨  
 楢  㤠  ⮫쪮  10? 
           砥,  筮,  ⮬ ,   㬭
  ,    ⮬,    ଠ     ࣠.
祬      㪠⥫          ᠬ
祭,        (=1)?   祢,  
   ⠪ ᯮᮡ   ।⠢  ࠧ
᫠.     宦   ⮣,  ᫮ 0 0
1  ⫨砥    ᫠ 1 0 0.  ⨭ ⮨  ⮬,
    祭 䥪⨢ ᯮ   . 
,  ⢨    ଠ, 
,   ⮣ - 業  ଠ樨.  
ᥣ    楢 孮 ࠧࠡ ᯮᮡ   0  3
⠪ ⮤: 

          0 0  - 0   1.WE CAN INDICATE NOT HAVING A
                       FINGER RAISED AS "0"
          0 1  - 1     AND HAVING A FINGER RAISED AS "1"
          1 0  - 2   2.THIS DOES NOT MEAN  11 - 3
          1 1  - 3     IT MEANS WE SHOSE TO LET THE
                       REPRESENTATION  11 (OR TWO
                       FINGERS) HAVE THE VALUE   3

         1  -    ⬥   ன "0", 
    - ன "1"; 2 -   砥,  1 1 =
3,      訫,     1 1 (  )
㤥    祭 3.        
㣮 ᯮᮡ 祭. 
            ⨬   ।⠢    筮  ⥬
᫥    ।⢥  .    - 
祩        ᤥ  ⠪,  ⮡  砫
"祭"   "몫祭" ( "0"  "1",  ॡ ⥬
祭). 
         ᫨      ਢ    ਬ   
⨩ ,     ।⠢  ᫠  0  7.
    ᫠  0  7! 
               楢    ।⠢ 
᫠    0  15! ᫨  ⮬  ,  㤥 訬
ࠦ 믨   樨  4 楢. 
         ⮡    ⥬  祭 ⠪ ᥫ 
 ⠭  ⪥  ᫮  ⠪,
⮡    ⫨砫   ⠭  ⮢, 뫮 ਭ
饥  ᮣ襭. ᫠  10  15  㪢 A -
F 
                筮  10 = A
                            11 = B
                            12 = C
                            13 = D
                            14 = E
                            15 = F

           砥,     ᫥騬 ࠧ 뢠
 ᫠  0  15 

               0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

          ࠢ , ? 
             ᯮᮡ    祭    ᥫ   뢠
⭠ ଠ⮬. 
         ⮡    ⢭    "H" ᫥
⭠-  筮 ᫠ (ਬ, 10H).  "H"  
祭,    㦨       짮⥫ 
⭠筮  ⥬ ᫥.  ணࠬ஢ 
設    몥    㤮             ᫠   
⭠筮 ଠ. 
           ⮫쪮  ⥬  祭      
             筮 筮
ଠ.   㤮 ᯮ짮 ⭠ ଠ 
᫥騬 稭: 
         1.    ⮩   ᫠  ॢ  
ଠ,      ,   砥   (
). 
         2.        ।, 㤥
   ᫮         㪨          ,  ..
쬨ࠧ來  ⭠ࠧ來. 
         3.      ⠭⭮ ।⠢  ᥫ 
 ᫥⥫쭮 ࠧ來 ᥫ. 
         4.  饯ਭ ⥬ 祭  ⢮
 ⭠筮 ⥬    襩 
 㣨   㮢⢠. 
         5.   ᪮      ᪮஢    ࠡ⪨
ଠ樨,  ।⠢  묨 ᫠,  
    ⥭   㤮,   ॡ      㤮⠥
।⠢. 
             ⮫쪮  ⥬ 祭,   饭
ࠢ. 
         ⭠筠   ⥬,    ⬥砫  ,
  ।⠢  ᫠    0  15   ᥣ 4
⮢.    8-ࠧ來  祩    (  8-ࠧ來
ॣ)      ᠭ      4 . 
  8-ࠧ來  祩   8-ࠧ來 ॣ
⮬,  ⠪  "ZX ".  祩 
   ॣ   8 ࠧ冷. 
         த ⥯,   ᭠砫
 ﬨ  4 楢: 

         1 1 1 1     2**3 2**2 2**1 2**0
                       8    4    2    1
                      1.    DECIMAL 15
                      2.    F  (IN HEXADECIMAL NOTATION)

         1  -筮  15;  2-   ⭠筮 ⥬
祭  騥  ᪫  ⥬⨪  ,
   ।⠢塞      楬   ᫮     ࠧ
㢥稢    2  ࠧ, ᫨  ࠢ . ᫨
७㬥஢  : 

                           3 2 1 0

  祭    ࠢ "2  ⥯ N",  "N" -
 . 㤥 뢠   4 栬 "箭". 
